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GlossaryDorsal Root Ganglia

clusters of nerve cell bodies transmitting sensory information to the spinal cord

Dorsal Root Ganglia (DRG) are clusters of nerve cell bodies located along the spinal cord. They play a crucial role in transmitting sensory information from the peripheral nervous system to the central nervous system, including sensations like pain, temperature, and touch.

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Neuronal Plasticity of the Brain-Skin Connection: Stress-Triggered Up-Regulation of Neuropeptides in Dorsal Root Ganglia and Skin via Nerve Growth Factor-Dependent Pathways

research Neuronal plasticity of the “brain–skin connection”: stress-triggered up-regulation of neuropeptides in dorsal root ganglia and skin via nerve growth factor-dependent pathways

66 citations , July 2007 in “Journal of Molecular Medicine”

Stress increases certain chemicals in the skin and nerves, which might worsen skin conditions.

research Different Requirements for GFRα2-Signaling in Three Populations of Cutaneous Sensory Neurons

11 citations , August 2014 in “PLoS ONE”

GFRα2 is essential for controlling neuron size but not for target innervation in certain sensory neurons.

ELife Assessment: Touch Receptor End-Organ Innervation and Function Require Sensory Neuron Expression of the Transcription Factor Meis2

research eLife assessment: Touch receptor end-organ innervation and function require sensory neuron expression of the transcription factor Meis2

February 2024

Meis2 is essential for touch sensation and proper nerve connection to touch receptors in certain skin areas of mice.

research Localization of mechanosensitive channel TRPV4 in mouse skin

123 citations , November 2003 in “Neuroscience Letters”

TRPV4 helps sense pressure in mouse skin.

research KCNQ Potassium Channels Modulate Sensitivity of Skin Down-hair (D-hair) Mechanoreceptors

19 citations , February 2016 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry”

KCNQ potassium channels help control the sensitivity of touch receptors in the skin.

research In vitro interactions between sensory nerves, epidermis, hair follicles and capillaries in a tissue‐engineered reconstructed skin

September 2004 in “Experimental Dermatology”

The model effectively studies how sensory nerves interact with skin components, aiding research on wound healing and hair growth.

research Tfap2b specifies an embryonic melanocyte stem cell that retains adult multi-fate potential

June 2021 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)”

The gene Tfap2b is essential for creating a type of stem cell in zebrafish that can become different pigment cells.

research Dietary isoflavone increases insulin-like growth factor-I production, thereby promoting hair growth in mice

29 citations , March 2011 in “The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry”

Eating isoflavone can help mice grow hair by increasing a growth factor.

research Delta Opioid Receptors Presynaptically Regulate Cutaneous Mechanosensory Neuron Input to the Spinal Cord Dorsal Horn

140 citations , February 2014 in “Neuron”

Delta opioid receptors help regulate touch sensation by reducing neurotransmitter release in the spinal cord.

research The Functional Organization of Cutaneous Low-Threshold Mechanosensory Neurons

660 citations , December 2011 in “Cell”

Different hair follicles in the skin are innervated by unique combinations of mechanosensory neurons, crucial for touch sensation.

research TRPA1 Modulates Mechanotransduction in Cutaneous Sensory Neurons

286 citations , April 2009 in “The journal of neuroscience/The Journal of neuroscience”

TRPA1 is crucial for mechanical sensitivity in skin sensory neurons.

research Neurotrophin-4 modulates the mechanotransducer Cav3.2 T-type calcium current in mice down-hair neurons

11 citations , September 2011 in “Biochemical journal”

Neurotrophin-4 increases calcium current in specific mouse neurons through the PI3K pathway.

The Non-Neuronal and Nonmuscular Effects of Botulinum Toxin: An Opportunity for a Deadly Molecule to Treat Disease in the Skin and Beyond

research The non-neuronal and nonmuscular effects of botulinum toxin: an opportunity for a deadly molecule to treat disease in the skin and beyond

44 citations , October 2017 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

Botulinum toxin has potential for treating various skin conditions and improving wound healing.

research Multipotent Neural Crest Stem Cell-Like Cells from Rat Vibrissa Dermal Papilla Induce Neuronal Differentiation of PC12 Cells

10 citations , January 2014 in “BioMed research international”

Rat whisker cells can help turn other cells into nerve cells and might be used to treat brain injuries or diseases.

Motoneuron-Specific PTEN Deletion in Mice Induces Neuronal Hypertrophy and Regeneration After Facial Nerve Injury

research Motoneuron-Specific PTEN Deletion in Mice Induces Neuronal Hypertrophy and Also Regeneration after Facial Nerve Injury

6 citations , February 2022 in “The journal of neuroscience/The Journal of neuroscience”

Deleting the PTEN gene in mice causes nerve cells to grow larger and heal better after injury, but may cause overgrowth and hair loss in older mice.

research 1369 Blue light stimulatory effect on hair growth mediated by opsin and cryptochrome photoreceptors

April 2018 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

Blue light can help hair grow by affecting certain receptors in hair follicles.

research Follicle-innervating Aδ-low threshold mechanoreceptors organize through a population-dependent mechanism

August 2022 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)”

Mouse touch-sensitive nerve cells adjust their connections based on competition with other similar cells.

research Perspectives of Kennedy's disease

65 citations , September 2010 in “Journal of the Neurological Sciences”

Kennedy's disease leads to muscle weakness and sensory issues, has no cure but manageable symptoms, and future treatments look promising.

research Genetic interplays between Msx2 and Foxn1 are required for Notch1 expression and hair shaft differentiation

67 citations , December 2008 in “Developmental Biology”

Msx2 and Foxn1 are both crucial for hair growth and health.

research Human hair keratins promote the regeneration of peripheral nerves in a rat sciatic nerve crush model

36 citations , July 2019 in “Journal of Materials Science Materials in Medicine”

Human hair keratin helps repair nerve damage in rats.

research Sensory Reinnervation of Human Skin by Human Neural Stem Cell‒Derived Peripheral Neurons Ex Vivo

7 citations , July 2021 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

Human skin can be reconnected to nerves using stem cells, which may help with skin health and healing.

research A subpopulation of itch‐sensing neurons marked by Ret and somatostatin expression

70 citations , February 2016 in “EMBO reports”

Scientists found a specific group of itch-sensing nerve cells in mice important for feeling itch but not for sensing heat or touch.

research Skin-type-dependent development of murine mechanosensory neurons

13 citations , August 2023 in “Developmental Cell”

Mechanosensory neurons adapt to different skin types after birth.

Joint Public Review: Touch Receptor End-Organ Innervation and Function Require Sensory Neuron Expression of the Transcription Factor Meis2

research Joint Public Review: Touch receptor end-organ innervation and function require sensory neuron expression of the transcription factor Meis2

February 2024

Meis2 is essential for touch sensation and nerve function in mice.

Author Response: Touch Receptor End-Organ Innervation and Function Require Sensory Neuron Expression of the Transcription Factor Meis2

research Author Response: Touch receptor end-organ innervation and function require sensory neuron expression of the transcription factor Meis2

February 2024

The transcription factor Meis2 is essential for touch sensation and proper nerve development in touch receptors.

research Synchronizing actin and microtubules for axonal branching

3 citations , August 2012 in “Nature Cell Biology”

Certain proteins help nerve cells branch, and other findings relate to cancer, stem cell behavior, and cell division.

research Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy: pathogenesis and clinical management

42 citations , May 2013 in “Oral Diseases”

Kennedy's disease leads to muscle weakness without a cure, but exercise and managing symptoms may help patients live a normal lifespan.

research Synaptic processes and immune-related pathways implicated in Tourette syndrome

29 citations , January 2021 in “Translational Psychiatry”

The research suggests that Tourette syndrome is linked to both brain signaling and immune system pathways.

research Convergent Genesis of an Adult Neural Crest-Like Dermal Stem Cell from Distinct Developmental Origins

106 citations , September 2010 in “Stem cells”

Skin-derived precursors in hair follicles come from different origins but function similarly.

research Uncombable hair syndrome and beyond

January 2022 in “Acta dermatovenerologica Alpina, Pannonica et Adriatica (Tiskana izd.)”

Uncombable hair syndrome causes frizzy hair and can affect the nervous system, eyes, and ears, often co-occurring with other hair, skin, nail, and teeth conditions, and is linked to three specific gene mutations.