Minoxidil is strongly linked to heart problems, and machine learning can improve drug safety checks.
September 2016 in “Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature” Once-daily 5% minoxidil foam increases hair regrowth and density in women with hair loss, but not as effectively as twice-daily 2% minoxidil solution, though it's safer and more convenient.
78 citations
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December 2008 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” 5-alpha reductase inhibitors can cause sexual side effects like erectile dysfunction, but the exact reasons are unclear.
November 2005 in “The Journal of Urology”
19 citations
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January 2016 in “Annals of Dermatology” Dutasteride is safe and effective for treating hair loss, but may decrease libido.
April 2025 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” The combination of finasteride and minoxidil is as safe and effective as minoxidil alone for improving hair growth in men.
August 2025 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Finasteride, dutasteride, and silodosin have the highest risk for causing sexual dysfunction.
October 2006 in “The Lancet Oncology” Finasteride reduces prostate cancer risk but may increase aggressive cancer risk slightly.
54 citations
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November 1995 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Females with 5 alpha-reductase-2 deficiency have less body hair, no acne, normal fertility, and delayed menarche.
96 citations
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December 2015 in “JAMA dermatology” Topical Ruxolitinib may safely treat severe hair loss.
15 citations
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June 1995 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Finasteride doesn't affect erections much, but may decrease libido in men.
1 citations
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April 2006 in “International Journal of Oncology” Lysocellin helps stop cell damage from etoposide and may prevent hair loss.
September 2023 in “Dermatology and therapy” Ritlecitinib effectively improves hair growth in alopecia areata patients, regardless of hair loss pattern.
50 citations
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May 2000 in “Fertility and Sterility” Flutamide reduces hair growth better but has more side effects.
March 2014 in “Annals of Internal Medicine” Combining α1-blockers with 5α-reductase inhibitors improves urinary symptoms in men.
October 2016 in “Letters in Drug Design & Discovery”
2 citations
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April 2021 in “Canadian Journal of Urology” Five-alpha reductase inhibitors, like finasteride and dutasteride, can treat enlarged prostates, improve urination, reduce need for prostate surgery, and lower the risk of prostate cancer, but may increase the risk of higher grade prostate cancer. They can also treat male pattern baldness.
1 citations
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November 2022 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” ALRN-6924 may prevent hair loss caused by chemotherapy.
6 citations
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August 2012 in “PubMed” Finasteride may effectively treat female pattern hair loss.
March 2026 in “Gazzetta Medica Italiana Archivio per le Scienze Mediche” Finasteride effectively treats benign prostatic hyperplasia by reducing prostate size and improving urinary symptoms.
Dutasteride reduces prostate cancer risk by 23% in high-risk men.
May 2025 in “International Journal of Trichology” Low-dose oral minoxidil often causes excess hair growth but doesn't significantly affect quality of life.
32 citations
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October 2003 Spironolactone is better than placebo for reducing excessive hair growth in women, but its effectiveness for acne is unclear due to small study sizes.
29 citations
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August 2007 in “Annals of Oncology” Docetaxel and oxaliplatin are effective and have manageable side effects for recurrent platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer.
3 citations
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August 2010 in “Letters in Drug Design & Discovery” 1 citations
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November 2023 in “SKIN The Journal of Cutaneous Medicine” 48 citations
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February 2006 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” 5α-reductase inhibitors may reduce male fertility and could be used for male contraception.
November 2024 in “Skin Appendage Disorders” Start low-dose minoxidil gradually, especially for women, to reduce side effects.
April 2018 in “The Journal of Urology” Dutasteride use can lead to a stable decline in sexual function that is not affected by age or prostate size.
1 citations
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November 2019 in “Archives of breast cancer” Some hormone treatments might raise breast cancer risk, while others don't seem to.