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February 1972 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences” A unique enzyme in guinea pig hair follicles helps form protein cross-links in hair.
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February 1999 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Urokinase, a type of protein, helps skin cells multiply faster, especially in newborn mice.
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April 2012 in “Molecular Biology Reports” The enzyme from Bacillus cereus can be used in detergents and leather processing.
April 2019 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” DPP4-positive fibroblasts play a major role in producing proteins that lead to skin fibrosis.
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January 2015 in “PubMed” Collagenase IV helps control hair growth by affecting certain growth factors.
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September 2015 in “Drug Design Development and Therapy” Collagenase IV is crucial for hair growth by affecting key growth factors.
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April 2011 in “Biological Chemistry” Cathepsin E is crucial for normal skin cell differentiation and development.
November 2025 in “Chemistry - An Asian Journal” EISA uses enzymes to create precise nanostructures in cells, offering new ways to design adaptive materials and therapies.
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February 2013 in “InTech eBooks” LEKTI is crucial for skin barrier and immune function, affecting conditions like Netherton syndrome and atopic dermatitis.
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June 1994 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Proteolytic activity in mouse skin changes with hair cycle stages, peaking in early anagen.
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July 2023 in “Inflammation and Regeneration” ALKBH5 helps wounds heal faster by stabilizing PELI2 mRNA.
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July 1972 in “Biochemistry” Transamidases help form strong crosslinks in hair proteins, crucial for hair strength.
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January 2000 in “International Journal of Cancer” Transglutaminase-3 is often reduced in esophageal cancer.
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November 2021 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Mutant keratins cause inflammation in Epidermolysis Bullosa Simplex, suggesting targeting them could help treat the disorder.
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Gel 2, with shark liver and borage oil, is effective for reducing inflammation and healing wounds.
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January 2013 in “Türk veterinerlik ve hayvancılık dergisi/Turkish journal of veterinary and animal sciences” A cat in Turkey had Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, showing very stretchy skin and easy bruising.
December 2025 in “Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry” Pepsin digestion improves accuracy in analyzing proteins in human hair.
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April 2023 in “Science Advances” High levels of ERK activity are key for tissue regeneration in spiny mice, and activating ERK can potentially redirect scar-forming healing towards regenerative healing in mammals.
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January 2023 in “Nature cell biology” A specific signal from hair cells controls the tightening of the surrounding muscle, which is necessary for hair shedding.