282 citations
,
October 2006 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” The Endocrine Society advised against routine testosterone therapy for women, citing a need for more research on long-term safety and a clear definition of androgen deficiency.
114 citations
,
January 2014 in “World Journal of Gastroenterology” People with PCOS, especially if obese, often have NAFLD, linked to obesity, insulin resistance, and high androgen levels.
research Acne
81 citations
,
January 2002 in “American journal of clinical dermatology” Hormonal treatments can help with acne, especially in women, by lowering androgen levels or blocking their effects.
5 citations
,
January 1984 in “Journal of psychosomatic obstetrics and gynecology/Journal of psychosomatic obstetrics and gynaecology” The treatment reduced hair growth and testosterone in women with excess hair and had some effects on stress responses.
Hormones, especially testosterone and DHT, are key for penis development and function, and testosterone therapy may help with erectile dysfunction in those with low levels.
56 citations
,
September 2013 in “Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Androgens increase a growth factor in hair cells by creating reactive oxygen species, and antioxidants might help treat hair loss.
October 2023 in “Frontiers in endocrinology” Androgens and androgen receptors are important for metabolic health, affecting how the body uses glucose and fats through mitochondrial function.
343 citations
,
October 2015 in “Endocrine Practice” The guide recommends specific methods for diagnosing PCOS and various treatments for its symptoms, while considering the health impacts on adolescents.
233 citations
,
November 2002 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Creating stronger blockers for skin enzymes might lead to better treatment for conditions like acne and excessive hair growth.
100 citations
,
September 2017 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” Male hormones and their receptors play a key role in hair loss and skin health, with potential new treatments being explored.
45 citations
,
January 2006 in “Endocrine journal” To diagnose Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, two out of three signs—irregular periods, high male hormone levels, or cysts on the ovaries—are needed.
32 citations
,
February 2017 in “Human Reproduction” Women with polycystic ovary syndrome tend to have a longer anogenital distance.
31 citations
,
September 2006 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Testosterone therapy may slightly improve sexual function in postmenopausal women, but its long-term safety is unknown.
24 citations
,
September 2001 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Women's ovarian hormones and adrenal androgens change throughout life, affecting hair loss and health.
9 citations
,
June 2002 in “Best Practice & Research in Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology” Testosterone therapy can help women with androgen deficiency by improving energy, sex drive, and bone health with few side effects.
March 2024 in “Journal of Applied and Natural Science” Mentha spicata leaves lower testosterone and aggression in female rats.
December 2022 in “Urology Herald” Hormonal status from androgen deprivation therapy may affect COVID-19 severity in men.
26 citations
,
January 1994 in “Hormone and Metabolic Research” Taking spironolactone and linestrenol for androgen excess can lead to lower bone density in young women.
1 citations
,
May 2017 in “InTech eBooks” Hair loss in Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is due to altered cell sensitivity to hormones, not increased hormone levels. Hair growth periods shorten over time, causing hair to become thinner and shorter. This is linked to miscommunication between cell pathways in hair follicles. There's also a change in gene expression related to blood vessels and cell growth in balding hair follicles. The exact molecular causes of AGA are still unclear.
658 citations
,
June 2003 in “Endocrine reviews” Male hormones may play a role in the development of heart disease, and more research is needed to understand their effects.
45 citations
,
January 2012 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Too much AKR1C3 enzyme causes resistance to finasteride by increasing testosterone.
19 citations
,
July 2013 in “The obstetrician & gynaecologist” The document concludes that careful evaluation is needed to diagnose PCOS correctly due to similar symptoms in other conditions, and accurate testosterone level measurement is crucial.
15 citations
,
April 2022 in “Ginekologia Polska” Higher thyroid hormone levels may be linked to certain types of polycystic ovary syndrome.
14 citations
,
March 2023 in “Scientific Reports” Oxidative stress, not insulin resistance, is significantly related to free androgen index in PCOS.
January 2026 in “Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience” Neurosteroids like neuro-estrogen and neuro-androgen are crucial for brain function and can improve cognition and protect against aging-related decline.
August 2016 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” DHT reduces a cell's ability to promote hair growth, while 3D culture without DHT improves it.
352 citations
,
January 2006 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Most women referred for excess male hormone symptoms had polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), with other conditions being less common.
31 citations
,
November 2014 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Women with androgen excess, especially those with PCOS, have a much higher risk of heart disease and stroke.
1 citations
,
December 2022 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” The most common skin issues in females with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) are excessive hair growth, hair loss, oily skin, acne, dark skin patches, and skin tags, which may be linked to hormone and insulin levels.
May 2025 in “Anatolian journal of obstetrics and gynecology research.” Androgens affect many aspects of female health, and more research is needed to understand their roles and treatment potential.