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December 2008 in “Endocrine Reviews” Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.
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May 1998 in “Genes & Development” Ets2 gene is crucial for placental development in mice.
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June 2009 in “Human reproduction update” The modified Ferriman-Gallwey method is a useful tool for diagnosing hirsutism.
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February 2008 in “Pediatrics” Chemicals and body size might change when puberty starts and progresses, but more research is needed to confirm this.
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October 2006 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” The Endocrine Society advised against routine testosterone therapy for women, citing a need for more research on long-term safety and a clear definition of androgen deficiency.
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November 2013 in “European Journal of Epidemiology” The Rotterdam Study aims to understand disease causes in the elderly and has found new risk factors and genetic influences on various conditions.
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April 2009 in “Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology” The immune system plays a key role in tissue repair, affecting both healing quality and regenerative ability.
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October 2014 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The guidelines advise against using testosterone and DHEA in women for most conditions due to safety and effectiveness concerns, but suggest considering testosterone for postmenopausal women with low sexual desire.
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April 2005 in “The New England Journal of Medicine” Acne affects most teenagers and can continue into adulthood, with various treatments available that show improvement but have concerns like antibiotic resistance and side effects.
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January 2021 in “Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology” Men have more severe COVID-19 outcomes than women.
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May 2013 in “Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging” MK-0773 safely increased muscle mass but did not improve muscle strength or function in elderly women with sarcopenia.
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May 2018 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” Alopecia areata is likely an autoimmune disease with unclear triggers, involving various immune cells and molecules, and currently has no cure.
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June 2002 in “Journal of Neuroscience” Androgens can help prevent memory problems caused by apoE4.
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April 2005 in “The American journal of pathology (Print)” Capsaicin, found in chili peppers, can slow down hair growth by affecting skin cells and hair follicles.
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October 1990 in “Alcoholism/Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research” The document concludes that the exact way alcohol causes harm to fetal development is unknown, but it significantly affects nutrient transport to the fetus and a safe level of alcohol during pregnancy is not determined.
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May 2021 in “Endocrine Reviews” Early diagnosis and individualized treatment improve outcomes for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.
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December 2007 in “Gender Medicine” Male and female skin differ due to hormones, affecting conditions like hair loss, acne, and skin cancer, and suggesting a need for gender-specific treatments.
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March 2013 in “Circulation Research” K_ATP channel gene mutations are linked to heart diseases, but more research is needed to understand the connection and treatment potential.
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September 2006 in “Clinics in Dermatology” Lupus affects the body and skin, causing joint pain and skin issues that can be treated with steroids and antimalarial drugs.
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January 2013 in “PLOS ONE” Probiotic bacteria improved skin and hair health in aged mice.
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January 2009 in “International Journal of Trichology” Oxidative stress contributes to hair graying and loss as we age.
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September 2019 in “Journal of Clinical Immunology” Foxp3 is crucial for regulatory T cell function, and targeting these cells may help treat immune disorders.
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June 2020 in “Aging” Older age and related diseases increase COVID-19 risk, but anti-aging treatments might help.