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GlossaryERK Pathway

chain of proteins transmitting signals from cell surface to DNA

The ERK Pathway, also known as the Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Pathway, is a chain of proteins in the cell that communicates signals from a receptor on the cell's surface to the DNA in the nucleus. This pathway plays a crucial role in regulating various cellular activities, including growth, division, and differentiation. It is particularly important in the context of hair biology, as disruptions in this pathway can influence hair growth and contribute to conditions like alopecia.

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Preconditioning With Far-Infrared Irradiation Enhances Proliferation, Cell Survival, And Migration Of Rat Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells Via CXCR4-ERK Pathways

research Preconditioning with far-infrared irradiation enhances proliferation, cell survival, and migration of rat bone marrow-derived stem cells via CXCR4-ERK pathways

44 citations , October 2017 in “Scientific Reports”

Far-infrared radiation improves stem cell growth and movement, helping heart therapy.

Combination of Herbal Extracts and Platelet-Rich Plasma Induced Dermal Papilla Cell Proliferation: Involvement of ERK and Akt Pathways

research Combination of herbal extracts and platelet-rich plasma induced dermal papilla cell proliferation: involvement of ERK and Akt pathways

39 citations , June 2013 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology”

Herbal extracts and platelet-rich plasma together may help increase hair growth by making certain cells grow more, through specific cell growth pathways.

research Undariopsis peterseniana Promotes Hair Growth by the Activation of Wnt/β-Catenin and ERK Pathways

27 citations , May 2017 in “Marine Drugs”

Undariopsis peterseniana extract helps hair grow by activating certain cell growth pathways and could be a new treatment for hair loss.

research VEGF upregulates VEGF receptor-2 on human outer root sheath cells and stimulates proliferation through ERK pathway

23 citations , June 2012 in “Molecular Biology Reports”

VEGF stimulates hair cell growth and increases growth receptor levels through a specific signaling pathway.

research Myristoleic Acid Promotes Anagen Signaling by Autophagy through Activating Wnt/β-Catenin and ERK Pathways in Dermal Papilla Cells

8 citations , February 2021 in “Biomolecules & therapeutics”

Myristoleic acid helps hair growth by boosting cell growth and recycling processes in hair follicle cells.

Wnt/β-Catenin and ERK Pathway Activation: The Possible Mechanism of Various LED Light Regulating the Proliferation of Human Outer Root Sheath Cells

research Wnt/β-catenin and ERK pathway activation: The possible mechanism of various light-emitting diode light regulates the proliferation of human outer root sheath cells

May 2017 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

LED light helps human hair root cells grow and move by activating certain cell pathways.

research P140 Light-emitting diode light regulates the proliferation of human outer root sheath cells via Wnt/β -catenin and ERK pathway

January 2016 in “프로그램북(구 초록집)”

LED light promotes hair growth by stimulating cell proliferation and reducing cell death.

Wnt/β-Catenin and ERK Pathway Activation: A Possible Mechanism of Photobiomodulation Therapy with Light-Emitting Diodes That Regulate the Proliferation of Human Outer Root Sheath Cells

research Wnt/β‐catenin and ERK pathway activation: A possible mechanism of photobiomodulation therapy with light‐emitting diodes that regulate the proliferation of human outer root sheath cells

43 citations , September 2017 in “Lasers in Surgery and Medicine”

LED light therapy may help hair growth by activating certain cell pathways.

Bacillus/Trapa Japonica Fruit Extract Ferment Filtrate Enhances Human Hair Follicle Dermal Papilla Cell Proliferation via the Akt/ERK/GSK-3β Signaling Pathway

research Bacillus/Trapa japonica Fruit Extract Ferment Filtrate enhances human hair follicle dermal papilla cell proliferation via the Akt/ERK/GSK-3β signaling pathway

10 citations , May 2019 in “BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine”

The extract from Bacillus/Trapa japonica fruit helps increase hair growth and could be a potential treatment for hair loss.

research Epidermal Growth Factor Induces Proliferation of Hair Follicle-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Through Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Mediated Activation of ERK and AKT Signaling Pathways Associated with Upregulation of Cyclin D1 and Downregulation of p16

83 citations , October 2016 in “Stem Cells and Development”

Epidermal growth factor helps hair stem cells grow by activating specific cell pathways.

research Activin B Promotes BMSC-Mediated Cutaneous Wound Healing by Regulating Cell Migration via the JNK—ERK Signaling Pathway

45 citations , April 2013 in “Cell Transplantation”

Activin B improves wound healing and hair growth by helping stem cells move using certain cell signals.

Lactoferrin Promotes Hair Growth in Mice and Increases Dermal Papilla Cell Proliferation Through Erk/Akt and Wnt Signaling Pathways

research Lactoferrin promotes hair growth in mice and increases dermal papilla cell proliferation through Erk/Akt and Wnt signaling pathways

18 citations , April 2019 in “Archives of Dermatological Research”

Lactoferrin helps mice grow hair by increasing cell growth and hair follicle development.

Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields Increase the Expression of Anagen-Related Molecules in Human Dermal Papilla Cells via GSK-3β/ERK/Akt Signaling Pathway

research Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields Increase the Expression of Anagen-Related Molecules in Human Dermal Papilla Cells via GSK-3β/ERK/Akt Signaling Pathway

7 citations , January 2020 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences”

Low-frequency electromagnetic fields can boost molecules related to hair growth in human skin cells.

research Involvement of Activation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK)/Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase (ERK) Signaling Pathway in Proliferation of Urethral Plate Fibroblasts in Finasteride-Induced Rat Hypospadias

10 citations , December 2018 in “Medical Science Monitor”

The MAPK/ERK pathway is crucial in controlling cell growth and death in finasteride-induced hypospadias.

research Exogenous Alpha-Ketoglutaric Acid Alleviates the Rabbit Dermal Papilla Cell Oxidative Damage Caused by Hydrogen Peroxide Through the ERK/Nrf2 Signaling Pathway

4 citations , April 2025 in “Antioxidants”

Alpha-ketoglutarate protects rabbit skin cells from oxidative damage by activating a specific cell pathway.

research CD271 orchestrates skin structure, differentiation, and inflammation via PI3K/Akt and PKCα/ERK pathways

October 2025 in “Cell Death and Disease”

CD271 is crucial for maintaining healthy skin and preventing inflammation.

Exosomes Derived From Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote Hair Regrowth in C57BL/6 Mice Through Upregulation of the RAS/ERK Signaling Pathway

research Exosomes derived from Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell promote hair regrowth in C57BL6 mice through upregulation of the RAS/ERK signaling pathway

November 2024 in “Journal of Translational Internal Medicine”

Exosomes from stem cells help hair regrowth by activating a specific signaling pathway.

Retinoid-Mediated Stimulation of Steroid Sulfatase Activity in Myeloid Leukemic Cell Lines Requires RARα and RXR and Involves the Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase and ERK-MAP Kinase Pathways

research Retinoid-mediated stimulation of steroid sulfatase activity in myeloid leukemic cell lines requires RARα and RXR and involves the phosphoinositide 3-kinase and ERK-MAP kinase pathways

24 citations , September 2005 in “Journal of Cellular Biochemistry”

Retinoids increase steroid sulfatase activity in leukemia cells through RARα/RXR and involves certain pathways like phosphoinositide 3-kinase and ERK-MAP kinase.

Hydroxychloroquine Modulates the Progression of Experimentally Induced Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Rats via Targeting EGFR/ERK/STAT3 and AR/FOXO1/TRAIL Pathways: Computational and In Vivo Studies

research Hydroxychloroquine modulates the progression of experimentally induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats via targeting EGFR/ERK/STAT3 and AR/FOXO1/TRAIL pathways: computational and in vivo studies

1 citations , June 2025 in “Scientific Reports”

Hydroxychloroquine may help treat benign prostatic hyperplasia by reducing inflammation and promoting cell death.

Various Wavelengths of Light-Emitting Diode Light Regulate the Proliferation of Human Dermal Papilla Cells and Hair Follicles via Wnt/β-Catenin and the Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Pathways

research Various Wavelengths of Light-Emitting Diode Light Regulate the Proliferation of Human Dermal Papilla Cells and Hair Follicles via Wnt/β-Catenin and the Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Pathways

33 citations , January 2017 in “Annals of Dermatology”

LED light can help hair growth by activating specific cell pathways.

Methanol Extract of Peach Kernel Induces Human Hair Follicle Dermal Papilla Cell Proliferation via the Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Signaling Pathway

research Methanol Extract of Peach Kernel Induces Human Hair Follicle Dermal Papilla Cell Proliferation via the Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Signaling Pathway

January 2024 in “Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences”

Peach kernel extract may promote hair growth by boosting cell growth in hair follicles.

Hair Growth-Promotion Effects of Different Alternating Current Parameter Settings Are Mediated by the Activation of Wnt/β-Catenin and MAPK Pathway

research Hair growth‐promotion effects of different alternating current parameter settings are mediated by the activation of Wnt/β‐catenin and MAPK pathway

27 citations , August 2015 in “Experimental Dermatology”

Certain electric currents can promote hair growth by activating specific cell pathways.

research VEGF induces proliferation of human hair follicle dermal papilla cells through VEGFR-2-mediated activation of ERK

120 citations , May 2012 in “Experimental Cell Research”

VEGF promotes hair follicle cell growth through the VEGFR-2/ERK pathway.

research Quercitrin Stimulates Hair Growth with Enhanced Expression of Growth Factors via Activation of MAPK/CREB Signaling Pathway

25 citations , September 2020 in “Molecules”

Quercitrin may help treat hair loss by promoting hair growth and improving cell health.

research Mackerel-Derived Fermented Fish Oil Promotes Hair Growth by Anagen-Stimulating Pathways

14 citations , September 2018 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences”

Mackerel-derived fermented fish oil helps hair grow by activating growth pathways and increasing cell proliferation.

research The antimycotic agent clotrimazole inhibits melanogenesis by accelerating ERK and PI3K-/Akt-mediated tyrosinase degradation

15 citations , March 2015 in “Experimental Dermatology”

Clotrimazole, an antifungal cream, may safely reduce skin pigmentation by breaking down the enzyme needed for making melanin.

research Reductive Stress Selectively Disrupts Collagen Homeostasis and Modifies Growth Factor-independent Signaling Through the MAPK/Akt Pathway in Human Dermal Fibroblasts

9 citations , March 2019 in “Molecular & cellular proteomics”

Reductive stress messes up collagen balance and alters cell signaling in human skin cells, which could help treat certain skin diseases.

research Mathematical Modeling and Inference of Epidermal Growth Factor-Induced Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Cell Signaling Pathways

3 citations , September 2024 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences”

Mathematical modeling helps understand and predict the MAPK cell signaling pathway.

research Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) in Hair Regeneration: Mechanistic Pathways and Therapeutic Potential

September 2025 in “Current Issues in Molecular Biology”

IGF-1 can help regrow hair and may be a promising treatment for hair loss.

research Tannic Acid Accelerates Cutaneous Wound Healing in Rats Via Activation of the ERK 1/2 Signaling Pathways

26 citations , April 2019 in “Advances in wound care”

Tannic acid helps wounds heal faster in rats by activating certain cell signals and reducing inflammation.