December 2014 in “Bali Medical Journal” Females have higher estrogen receptor levels in hair than males, and these levels decrease in white hair compared to black hair.
9 citations
,
January 2016 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology” The study concluded that both estrogen and androgen receptors, which decrease with age, are linked to skin aging and may be hormonally regulated.
233 citations
,
November 2002 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Creating stronger blockers for skin enzymes might lead to better treatment for conditions like acne and excessive hair growth.
23 citations
,
May 1984 in “Journal of the American Geriatrics Society” Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia may be caused by changes in how the body processes male hormones.
187 citations
,
December 2005 in “Experimental Dermatology” Estrogens can improve skin aging but carry risks; more research is needed on safer treatments.
150 citations
,
April 2013 in “Dermato-endocrinology” Estrogen therapy can reduce skin aging but has cancer risks.
137 citations
,
June 2005 in “Climacteric” Estrogen loss during menopause worsens skin health, but hormone replacement therapy may improve it, though more research is needed.
130 citations
,
June 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” Estrogen Receptor ß (ERß) is the main hormone controller in human skin and hair follicles, not Estrogen Receptor α (ERα) or the Androgen Receptor (AR).
67 citations
,
January 2007 in “Climacteric” Estrogens and SERMs can help with skin aging, but their safety and effectiveness need more research.
65 citations
,
August 2007 in “Experimental Dermatology” Human hair follicles can make and process prostaglandins, which may affect hair growth.
51 citations
,
September 2020 in “Cell Metabolism” Glutamine metabolism affects hair stem cell maintenance and their ability to change back to stem cells.
34 citations
,
February 2016 in “Fertility and Sterility” More PDCD4 is linked to obesity, insulin problems, and cell death in ovaries for those with polycystic ovary syndrome.
31 citations
,
January 2017 in “Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology” Low testosterone and 5α-reductase inhibitors can harm men's metabolic and sexual health; testosterone therapy may help, but discussing 5α-RIs' side effects is important.
24 citations
,
July 2018 in “Stem cells” Runx1 controls fat-related genes important for normal and cancer cell growth, affecting skin and hair cell behavior.
22 citations
,
April 2015 in “Current problems in dermatology” Human hair follicles have a unique metabolism that changes between growth stages and may contribute to baldness.
22 citations
,
January 2004 in “Dermatology” Topical estrogen helps hair growth in menopausal women with no major side effects.
21 citations
,
December 2007 in “Primary Care” Early diagnosis and treatment of PCOS is crucial to reduce emotional distress and health risks.
17 citations
,
August 2015 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology/The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology” The study found that urine metabolites M1b or M4 are the best indicators of ATD use in horses, with detection possible up to 77 hours in urine and 28 hours in blood.
12 citations
,
October 2004 in “Experimental Gerontology” Changes in testosterone and estrogen receptor genes can affect how men age, influencing body fat, hair patterns, and possibly leading to skin disorders.
11 citations
,
January 2017 in “Journal of Endocrinology/Journal of endocrinology” Female mice with disrupted 5α-reductase 1 had significant metabolic issues, including stress response problems, insulin resistance, liver fat buildup, and obesity.
6 citations
,
August 2005 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Finasteride causes temporary cell death in BPH tissues.
4 citations
,
March 2017 in “Development” Estrogen is important for keeping adult mouse nipple skin healthy by controlling certain cell signals.
4 citations
,
April 1999 in “Dermatologic Clinics” Androgens, like DHT, affect hair growth and treatments like finasteride may help.
3 citations
,
February 2019 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” The effects of estrogen on human scalp hair growth are unclear and need more research.
3 citations
,
October 2010 in “Epilepsy Currents” Altered metabolism can help control seizures by changing brain signaling and energy use, suggesting new treatments for epilepsy.
Combined finasteride and anastrozole therapy effectively treats BPH, influenced by hormone imbalances and genetics.
January 2025 in “Ginekologia Polska” VDR gene variations may affect carbohydrate metabolism in young women with hyperandrogenism.
August 2024 in “Research Square (Research Square)” Using 5-alpha reductase inhibitors may lower the risk of breast cancer in females.
February 2021 in “International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)” A higher testosterone/dihydrotestosterone ratio in PCOS patients may indicate worse metabolic health.
January 2019 in “ISGE series” Estrogen helps prevent artery plaque by stopping monocyte capture in blood vessels.