4 citations
,
February 2009 in “Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey” Testosterone patches can modestly improve sexual function in postmenopausal women not on estrogen therapy.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Estrogen alone can lower testosterone in some transfeminine people.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Transgender females can reach their target estrogen levels using estradiol patches, especially if oral treatments fail or if they're at risk for blood clots. Often, the highest dose patch is needed.
2 citations
,
December 1994 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” The treatment effectively reduced hair growth and was safe for patients with PCOS, but it needs better bleeding control.
18 citations
,
January 2020 in “Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology” The document concludes that Functional Hypothalamic Amenorrhea should be carefully diagnosed and managed to prevent health complications, using lifestyle changes and specific medications.
June 2019 in “Medicine and science in sports and exercise” The runner's bone injuries were linked to untreated Celiac Disease and low energy availability affecting her bone density.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A 23-year-old woman's missed periods were caused by a rare genetic disorder treated with hormone patches.
31 citations
,
September 2006 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Testosterone therapy may slightly improve sexual function in postmenopausal women, but its long-term safety is unknown.
46 citations
,
January 2008 in “Climacteric” Testosterone therapy can help improve sexual desire and function in postmenopausal women but may cause side effects and is not FDA-approved for this use.
8 citations
,
February 2009 in “Current Women's Health Reviews” Testosterone treatment can improve sexual function and bone density in women but may have adverse effects and requires more research on safety and guidelines.
6 citations
,
September 2005 in “Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy” Androgen therapy can help with symptoms like low libido in women, but more research is needed to understand its long-term safety and effects on health.
5 citations
,
June 2004 in “The Journal of The British Menopause Society” Testosterone therapy can improve sexual satisfaction and mood in surgically menopausal women when used with estrogen, but its long-term safety and effects on naturally menopausal and premenopausal women are unclear.
January 2005 in “Elsevier eBooks” Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinism are linked to fertility issues and can worsen symptoms of PCOS.
May 2021 in “British Small Animal Veterinary Association eBooks” If a dog's skin tests are normal but it has hair loss, consider other non-endocrine causes and choose tests based on the hair loss pattern.
6 citations
,
April 2014 in “PubMed” A man got brown patches on his skin (melasma) after taking finasteride, a hair loss treatment.
25 citations
,
November 2013 in “PLoS ONE” Estrogen and androgen signals control synaptic changes in rat brains.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” The patient was satisfied with hormone therapy, and her epilepsy remained stable.
4 citations
,
May 2025 in “Open Access Journal of Contraception” Low-dose ethinyl estradiol and LNG-IUD are safer contraception options for obese women with PCOS.
December 2006 in “Annales D Endocrinologie” Estrogen-progestin contraception lowers ovarian, endometrial, and colon cancer risk but may raise breast and cervical cancer risk, helps with menstrual and acne issues, and new methods are as effective as pills. Metformin helps overweight women with PCOS and insulin resistance, and dopamine agonists treat prolactinomas.
March 2013 in “Journal für Kardiologie (Krause & Pachernegg GmbH)” Hormones significantly affect hair growth and loss, with potential for new treatments.
January 2011 in “Journal für Kardiologie (Krause & Pachernegg GmbH)” Postmenopausal women often experience hair loss on the scalp and increased facial hair, but iron supplements may not help.
2 citations
,
January 2012 in “Journal für Kardiologie (Krause & Pachernegg GmbH)” Hirsutism and alopecia during menopause can be diagnosed and treated with specific hormonal and topical therapies.
19 citations
,
December 2012 in “BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine” Young coconut juice speeds up wound healing.
150 citations
,
April 2013 in “Dermato-endocrinology” Estrogen therapy can reduce skin aging but has cancer risks.
187 citations
,
December 2005 in “Experimental Dermatology” Estrogens can improve skin aging but carry risks; more research is needed on safer treatments.
67 citations
,
January 2007 in “Climacteric” Estrogens and SERMs can help with skin aging, but their safety and effectiveness need more research.
159 citations
,
July 2006 in “Endocrine Reviews” Estrogens significantly influence hair growth by interacting with receptors in hair follicles and may help regulate the hair growth cycle.
February 2024 in “Hormones” Future hormone therapy trials should match the diverse needs and priorities of the gender-diverse community.
18 citations
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February 2025 in “Drug Delivery and Translational Research” The microneedle patches effectively treat allergic conjunctivitis with controlled, sustained release of medication.
January 2026 in “Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience” Neurosteroids like neuro-estrogen and neuro-androgen are crucial for brain function and can improve cognition and protect against aging-related decline.