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August 2005 in “Journal of Cutaneous Pathology” The protein ARA70/ELE1 is involved in male pattern baldness, and lower levels of its short form may lead to hair thinning.
66 citations
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January 2001 in “Vitamins and hormones” Androgen receptors are key for development and health, affecting conditions like prostate cancer and male pattern baldness.
402 citations
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August 2011 in “Cancer research” Prostate cancer cells can make their own androgens to activate the androgen receptor, and treatments like abiraterone may increase this ability, suggesting new therapies should target the entire steroid-making pathway.
227 citations
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January 1998 in “Journal of Endocrinology” Cells from balding scalps have more androgen receptors than cells from non-balding scalps.
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October 2014 in “Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology” Eph receptors and ephrins may be promising targets for treating diseases, but more understanding is needed for effective and safe therapies.
72 citations
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January 2003 in “American Journal of Pathology” A protein called CBP is found in prostate cancer and can increase the effectiveness of certain prostate cancer treatments.
60 citations
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November 2009 in “General and Comparative Endocrinology” Fadrozole and finasteride change gene expression related to sex hormones and thyroid hormones in frog larvae development.
44 citations
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January 2008 in “Fertility and Sterility” Longer CAG repeat lengths in the androgen receptor gene are linked to higher testosterone levels in women with PCOS.
39 citations
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August 2004 in “International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics” Finasteride and CPA-EE2 equally reduce hirsutism, but affect hormone levels differently.
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July 2013 in “Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry” Spironolactone harms fish reproduction and is more potent in fish than invertebrates, needing environmental monitoring.
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August 2006 in “Human Reproduction” Oral contraceptives lower testosterone levels in women, especially those with certain genetic traits, and may be linked to increased breast cancer risk.
24 citations
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March 2011 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Men with hair loss have more DNA changes in back-of-head hair follicles, possibly protecting them from thinning.
23 citations
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January 2021 in “Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy” DHT stops hair regrowth in mice, similar to human hair loss.
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November 2012 in “PubMed” 5α-reductase inhibitors may worsen sexual drive and spontaneous erections but don't worsen existing erectile or ejaculatory problems.
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June 2013 in “The Prostate” Dutasteride and finasteride affect different cell types differently.
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March 2019 in “Journal of Medicinal Chemistry” Some synthetic carbohydrate receptors, especially compounds 3 and 15, show strong potential for treating Zika virus.
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July 2015 in “Gene” DHT affects bone growth by altering gene activity in osteoblasts, potentially complicating steroid use.
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September 2014 in “Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention” Certain genetic variants in the androgen receptor are linked to higher PSA levels, potentially affecting prostate cancer screening outcomes.
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July 2003 in “Drug Development Research” Fluridil promotes hair growth safely and effectively for androgenetic alopecia.
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September 2024 in “The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine” Doctors should watch for and treat hormonal issues in obese patients beyond just diabetes.
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January 2018 in “Reproduction, Fertility and Development” Birth control pills increase certain receptor activities in female gerbil prostate glands and can lead to prostate changes.
May 2024 in “Scientific Reports” Androgen receptors in the mouse brain may explain cognitive and mood changes in prostate cancer treatment.
December 2016 in “University of Birmingham Institutional Research Archive (University of Birmingham)” Steroid-producing capabilities in certain cancers may contribute to treatment resistance.
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April 2005 in “Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention” E211 G>A gene linked to lower risk of severe prostate cancer and hair loss.
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April 1994 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Androgen receptors found in monkey scalps, similar to humans, affect hair growth.
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February 2009 in “Drug Development Research” 17α-estradiol is a safe estrogen that might protect the brain and doesn't cause feminization, needing more research for treating brain diseases.
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July 2006 in “Clinics in Dermatology” Androgens cause skin issues like acne and hair growth in women, often due to PCOS, and can be treated with medication and lifestyle changes.
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June 1995 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Finasteride doesn't affect erections much, but may decrease libido in men.
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August 2013 in “Springer eBooks” Birth control pills and anti-androgen medications help manage hair growth, acne, and hair loss in women with PCOS.
December 2025 in “Nature Communications” Blocking IL-17a can improve age-related smell loss in mice.