October 2023 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Estetrol helps keep scalp hair in the growth phase longer and improves hair follicle health by affecting the hair root and increasing stem cells.
14 citations
,
September 1986 in “Archives of Dermatology” Women with low SHBG levels and a high 3a-diol G to SHBG ratio are likely to experience female pattern baldness, possibly due to a slight excess of androgens affecting sensitive hair bulbs.
15 citations
,
May 1997 in “Annals of Internal Medicine” Tamoxifen caused hair loss in a 52-year-old woman.
10 citations
,
February 1976 in “The Journal of Dermatology” γ‐Oryzanol ointment increases sebaceous gland activity and sebum production.
27 citations
,
April 2017 in “European journal of endocrinology” The research found that MRI and certain hormone levels can help tell apart ovarian tumors from hyperthecosis in postmenopausal women, but tissue analysis is still needed for a definite diagnosis.
21 citations
,
January 2015 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Progesterone byproduct 5αP stimulates mammary tumor growth, but finasteride can suppress it.
43 citations
,
July 2003 in “Andrology” Hormonal male contraception is effective and could be market-ready, but more research is needed to ensure safety for all ethnic groups.
6 citations
,
July 2018 in “Steroids” Testosterone changes how certain channels work in male rat reproductive tracts, affecting fertility-related fluid balance.
31 citations
,
April 2015 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology/The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology” Androgens cause oil-producing skin cells with androgen receptors to mature and produce more oil.
2 citations
,
March 1976 in “PubMed” Neogynon effectively prevents pregnancy but may cause side effects like headaches and menstrual changes.
March 2014 in “Fertility and Sterility” The April 2014 issue of "Fertility and Sterility" discussed various reproductive health topics, including hormone therapy benefits, sperm and genetic factors in male infertility, and the link between PCOS and diabetes.
June 2002 in “Current obstetrics and gynaecology/Current obstetrics & gynaecology” Hirsutism, excessive hair growth in women, often caused by high androgen levels and polycystic ovary syndrome, can be treated with medication and weight management.
71 citations
,
June 2006 in “Human Reproduction” Women with PCOS who have low SHBG are more likely to have low good cholesterol and metabolic syndrome.
3 citations
,
January 2021 in “touchREVIEWS in Endocrinology” Surgery removed an ovarian tumor, improving her symptoms and normalizing testosterone levels.
January 2025 in “JCEM Case Reports” Enzyme replacement therapy may help alleviate symptoms in complex cases like this.
8 citations
,
January 1987 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Flutamide, an antiandrogen, has minimal impact on female rat endocrine systems and does not significantly change their reproductive cycles.
1 citations
,
January 2005 in “Research Portal (King's College London)” Finasteride and DEHP exposure during development can change reproductive markers in rats.
July 2025 in “Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism” The guideline emphasizes a multidisciplinary approach and informed consent for gender-affirming hormone treatment, with regular follow-ups and individualized care.
20 citations
,
April 2021 in “Journal of Womens Health” Testosterone can help premenopausal and postmenopausal women with low sexual desire, but its long-term safety is unclear and it's not widely approved for this use.
14 citations
,
December 2019 in “Iraqi Journal of Science” Iraqi women with PCOS often have higher testosterone levels and obesity.
23 citations
,
December 2004 in “Differentiation” Sex hormones affect hair and feather growth and may help manage alopecia and hormone-dependent cancers.
1 citations
,
June 2025 in “Environmental Research” Most women had adequate essential elements except zinc, and lead levels were higher in peri-/post-menopausal women.
53 citations
,
July 2014 in “American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism” Testosterone boosts red blood cell production and changes iron metabolism without needing dihydrotestosterone.
24 citations
,
January 1989 in “Archives of biochemistry and biophysics” Male rats have androgen receptors in their liver, which are different from proteins that bind estrogen.
June 2025 in “General medicine and Clinical Practice” Lifestyle changes improve symptoms and fertility in hyper-androgenic women.
7 citations
,
April 2012 in “Clinical investigation” Transdermal testosterone can improve sexual desire in postmenopausal women but lacks long-term safety data and is not FDA-approved for this use.
1231 citations
,
May 2001 in “Hypertension” Men generally have higher blood pressure than premenopausal women, but postmenopausal women's blood pressure can surpass men's, and hormone therapy doesn't significantly help.
2 citations
,
February 2023 in “Transgenic Research” The E2 protein affects gene activity in hair follicles of mice.
22 citations
,
January 2015 in “The Cochrane library” DHEA may help with sexual function when used intravaginally by menopausal women but is similar to hormone therapy in other aspects and might cause more side effects like acne and hair loss.
March 2016 in “The Journal of Urology” The discovery of 5α-reductase deficiency in guevedoces led to the development of important urologic medications.