October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Gender-affirming hormone therapy affects metabolism differently based on treatment type.
Testosterone in human pancreas cells boosts insulin production.
Testosterone in our bodies helps increase insulin secretion from the pancreas.
1231 citations
,
May 2001 in “Hypertension” Men generally have higher blood pressure than premenopausal women, but postmenopausal women's blood pressure can surpass men's, and hormone therapy doesn't significantly help.
515 citations
,
April 2003 in “Endocrine Reviews” Androgens and DHEA can help prevent breast cancer and improve health in women.
88 citations
,
June 2016 in “Human Reproduction Update” New hormonal contraceptives are safer, have fewer side effects, and offer health benefits for women.
66 citations
,
August 1999 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Women with acromegaly often have irregular periods due to hormone imbalances and growth hormone effects.
40 citations
,
March 2014 in “Journal of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care” PCOS is a common hormonal disorder in women, marked by high androgen levels and often seen in 20% of women via ultrasound.
27 citations
,
November 2021 in “Scientific Reports” Men are more affected by COVID-19 due to differences in immune responses and protein expression.
26 citations
,
January 1982 in “Hormone Research” Normal androgen levels need ACTH, and different mechanisms control adrenarche and gonadarche.
25 citations
,
June 2023 in “Biomedicines” Men generally face more severe COVID-19 outcomes than women, partly due to hormonal differences.
25 citations
,
May 2003 in “Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents” Steroid Sulfatase inhibitors show promise in treating hormone-dependent disorders like cancers, hair loss, and acne, with 667COUMATE being a potential candidate for breast cancer treatment trials.
22 citations
,
January 2021 in “Clinical Therapeutics” Men face more severe COVID-19 outcomes, while women are more likely to have long-term symptoms.
21 citations
,
March 2019 in “Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences” The androgen receptor is a promising target for breast cancer treatment, especially in triple-negative cases, but more research is needed for personalized therapies.
21 citations
,
October 2009 in “Dermatology” Men with male pattern hair loss have different levels of certain hormones compared to men without hair loss.
19 citations
,
May 2013 in “Annals of Oncology” Aromatase inhibitors cause male pattern hair loss in women.
14 citations
,
June 2015 in “Toxicology and Industrial Health” Low doses of BPA can increase prostate growth and change hormone levels in adult rats.
11 citations
,
August 2000 in “Journal of Endocrinology” DHEA acts like a male hormone on rat skin glands and doesn't turn into female hormones there.
10 citations
,
March 2021 in “Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” Certain gene variants are linked to severe acne, especially in males.
2 citations
,
January 2017 in “Endocrinology” Testosterone and its metabolites have varied effects on different body systems, especially during puberty.
1 citations
,
January 2015 in “Elsevier eBooks” Certain pesticides and fungicides can interfere with male hormone functions, potentially causing reproductive issues in male rats.
January 2026 in “Biochemical Pharmacology” MitoQ helps protect hair cells from damage in hair loss by boosting a protective enzyme.
October 2025 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” Hormonal imbalances in women can cause acne, excess hair growth, and hair loss, needing combined medical and mental health care.
October 2025 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” Hormonal imbalances in women can cause acne, excess hair growth, and hair loss, needing combined medical and mental health care.
December 2017 in “Springer eBooks” Transplant patients often get skin problems, with treatments varying by condition.
June 2009 in “Mayo Clinic Proceedings” A woman was diagnosed with porphyria cutanea tarda and improved with phlebotomy and lifestyle changes.
88 citations
,
September 2003 in “Clinical endocrinology” Hormone treatment for transsexual individuals is effective but carries risks like thromboembolic events and mood changes, with most side effects being minor and reversible.
60 citations
,
June 1997 in “Baillière's clinical obstetrics and gynaecology” PCOS is often caused by hormonal imbalances that can lead to various health issues and may indicate a risk for future metabolic and cardiovascular problems.
21 citations
,
April 2010 in “Pediatrics in Review” Delayed puberty affects some teens, and early treatment with hormones can help improve their growth and social well-being.
16 citations
,
July 2002 in “JOGC/Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada” Birth control pills can help reduce mild to moderate acne in women.