43 citations
,
May 1986 in “Clinics in Endocrinology and Metabolism” Cyproterone acetate is effective for treating hirsutism and acne but less so for hair loss, with side effects similar to birth control pills.
7 citations
,
September 1988 in “Baillière's clinical obstetrics and gynaecology” Cyproterone acetate is effective for treating hirsutism and acne in women by blocking androgens in the skin and also works as a contraceptive.
4 citations
,
January 1991 in “Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology” The photographic method accurately measures hair growth and both treatments effectively reduced hair growth in hirsute women.
25 citations
,
September 1977 in “Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health” High doses of some contraceptive steroids cause health issues in dogs, but their relevance to humans is unclear.
19 citations
,
March 1987 in “International Journal of Dermatology” A drug called cimetidine can help treat hair loss in women by blocking androgen receptors. However, it's not the first choice and needs more research.
1 citations
,
January 2009 in “PubMed” PCOS affects many women and can cause various health issues, with several treatments available.
November 2025 in “Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews” Cyproterone acetate works similarly to other treatments for hirsutism, but more research is needed.
2 citations
,
March 1976 in “PubMed” Neogynon effectively prevents pregnancy but may cause side effects like headaches and menstrual changes.
20 citations
,
November 2015 in “International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics” Both contraceptive pill doses effectively reduced androgen levels in women with PCOS.
64 citations
,
January 1985 in “Clinical endocrinology” A combination of desogestrel and ethinyl oestradiol effectively reduces hair growth in hirsute women.
37 citations
,
May 2018 in “Transgender health” Oral estradiol works for many transgender women but needs personalized dosing and monitoring.
8 citations
,
November 1978 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” Cyproterone acetate can effectively treat idiopathic hirsutism, but ethinyl oestradiol and lynoestrenol may not always reduce hair growth.
January 2008 in “The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care” Non-daily contraceptives cause fewer side effects and are more satisfying to women, and certain oral contraceptives can treat acne and seborrhoea, with a combination of chlormadinone acetate and ethinyl estradiol being highly effective and safe.
75 citations
,
August 2006 in “International Journal of Pharmaceutics” The eucalyptus oil system improved skin delivery of hormones, but safety concerns remain.
16 citations
,
August 2014 in “International Journal of Women's Health” The estradiol valerate/dienogest oral contraceptive helps with heavy periods, may improve acne and symptoms in PCOS, and doesn't affect sexual function.
35 citations
,
July 2008 in “International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics” MPA improved hormonal imbalances and acne in women with PCOS without affecting metabolism.
11 citations
,
April 2017 in “The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care” Cyproterone acetate with ethinyl estradiol is effective for treating skin symptoms related to high androgen levels, like in PCOS.
21 citations
,
January 2012 in “Annals of Dermatology” 17α-Estradiol solution safely improves hair density and thickness in female pattern hair loss.
4 citations
,
August 2024 in “PLoS ONE” Both injectable contraceptives lower testosterone and SHBG levels, with NET-EN having a greater effect than DMPA-IM.
17 citations
,
August 1971 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” 20 citations
,
April 2009 in “Fertility and Sterility”
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Transgender females can reach their target estrogen levels using estradiol patches, especially if oral treatments fail or if they're at risk for blood clots. Often, the highest dose patch is needed.
14 citations
,
August 1943 in “Archives of Dermatology” Applying estradiol to skin causes local changes but not cancer.
26 citations
,
February 2009 in “Drug Development Research” 17α-estradiol is a safe estrogen that might protect the brain and doesn't cause feminization, needing more research for treating brain diseases.
4 citations
,
December 1994 in “PubMed” Cyproterone acetate with estradiol improved women's self-confidence and emotional well-being without a difference between oral or transdermal methods, but younger women preferred the oral method.
33 citations
,
January 1979 in “Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica” Diane® is an effective contraceptive that also helps treat acne and mild hair growth issues.
1 citations
,
January 2014 in “Side effects of drugs annual” Hormonal contraceptives and related compounds can increase health risks like thrombosis and affect sexual function.
18 citations
,
March 2010 in “Gynecologic and obstetric investigation” The oral contraceptive alone is the preferred treatment for hirsutism, as adding the GnRH analog showed no significant benefit.
5 citations
,
January 2007 in “Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology” 17β-Estradiol boosts allergic reactions and slows thymus aging in mice.