35 citations
,
January 2011 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Metformin should be used for PCOS mainly in those with glucose intolerance, and has limited benefits for infertility or hirsutism.
105 citations
,
February 2011 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Treating sleep apnea in young obese women with PCOS can improve heart health and insulin sensitivity.
97 citations
,
October 2019 in “Journal of Translational Medicine” A very low-calorie ketogenic diet is effective for quick weight loss and improving health in obese patients, with careful management of side effects and maintenance.
90 citations
,
February 2013 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Women with PCOS have more body fat and thicker fat layers in certain abdominal areas than women without PCOS.
32 citations
,
January 2021 in “Molecules” Some Middle Eastern plants may help treat diabetes and could be alternatives to current drugs, but more research is needed.
8 citations
,
August 2020 in “PLOS Computational Biology” A machine learning model called CATNIP can predict new uses for existing drugs, like using antidepressants for Parkinson's disease and a thyroid cancer drug for diabetes.
2 citations
,
March 2011 in “Infertility” The conclusion is that lifestyle changes and weight loss are first-line treatments for infertility due to anovulation, with various medications and assisted reproductive technologies as additional options.
1 citations
,
January 2009 in “Elsevier eBooks” Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa are complex eating disorders with increasing incidence among young females, significant morbidity, and varying mortality rates, requiring more research for better treatment.
December 2025 in “npj Breast Cancer” Capivasertib improves survival in certain breast cancer cases but requires careful management of side effects.
December 2023 in “Migration letters” Herbal treatments can help manage PCOS symptoms.
192 citations
,
September 2003 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Metformin is effective for treating excessive hair growth in women with PCOS and may work better than the standard treatment in some ways.
The conclusion is that endocrinology significantly impacts medicine with various common medications used for treatment.
April 2026 in “Diagnostics” Skin changes in obesity can indicate metabolic issues but aren't reliable for assessing risk or monitoring treatment.
August 2024 in “Nutrition Bulletin” GLP-1 receptor agonists help with weight loss but need to be combined with other treatments for best results.
2 citations
,
July 2015 in “Journal of Dr. YSR University of Health Sciences.” A young woman with skin issues and weight loss improved after treating her pancreatitis and using skin treatments.
16 citations
,
January 2012 in “European Journal of Endocrinology” The study suggests certain ACE gene variations are more common in women with PCOS and may be linked to increased insulin resistance.
60 citations
,
February 2010 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Metformin combined with lifestyle changes improves insulin resistance and reduces testosterone levels in women with PCOS more than lifestyle changes alone.
June 2025 in “International Journal of Environmental Sciences” CLEC10A and interleukin-42 can help identify PCOS patients' response to Metformin treatment.
Metformin helps manage weight, blood pressure, and hormonal imbalances in PCOS patients.
18 citations
,
May 2017 in “Fertility Research and Practice” Larger ovarian size is linked to higher insulin resistance in women with PCOS.
13 citations
,
August 2018 in “Clinical Chemistry” Total testosterone levels can help diagnose androgen-producing tumors and hyperandrogenism in women.
25 citations
,
June 1998 in “Biological Trace Element Research” Young women with diabetic parents have high zinc and low copper levels.
November 2025 in “Journal of Kufa for Chemical Sciences” L-Selectin and adiponectin can help identify PCOS patients who respond to Metformin treatment.
49 citations
,
March 2009 in “Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics” Older age, higher BMI, and family history of diabetes increase the risk of gestational diabetes in pregnant women.
December 2023 in “Advances in basic medical sciences.” Metformin improved menstrual cycles and cholesterol but didn't change weight or hormone levels in the short term for overweight PCOS women.
February 2022 in “International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology” Acanthosis nigricans in teenage girls with PCOS is a sign of obesity, not insulin resistance or glucose intolerance.
46 citations
,
June 2015 in “Fertility and Sterility” Insulin resistance is significantly linked to a higher risk of depression in women with PCOS.
33 citations
,
December 2012 in “NMR in Biomedicine” Microencapsulation helps protect and track therapeutic cells, showing promise for treating various diseases, but more work is needed to improve the technology.
22 citations
,
January 1985 in “Annals of Internal Medicine” Minoxidil in breast milk may harm nursing infants.
14 citations
,
January 2008 in “Gene therapy” Gene therapy shows promise for enhancing physical traits but faces ethical, safety, and regulatory challenges.