25 citations
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October 1985 in “Archives of Ophthalmology” The pigment in black eyeliner can spread in the skin and may cause permanent eyelash loss.
4 citations
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March 2020 in “JAAD Case Reports” Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause darkening of all nails.
20 citations
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February 2024 in “Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia” Black skin needs more focused dermatology research for better diagnosis and treatment.
Melanocyte transplantation can safely restore skin color, especially in stable vitiligo, but must be chosen carefully based on the disease phase.
January 2026 in “Current Issues in Molecular Biology” miR-5110 affects alpaca pigmentation by altering specific gene expressions.
2 citations
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June 2013 in “In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal” Melanocytes from human fetal hair follicles were successfully cultured, showing potential for hair disease research and clinical use.
December 2023 in “Journal of ethnopharmacology” Tribuloside can increase skin pigmentation by enhancing melanin production and distribution.
222 citations
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January 2005 in “Endocrine journal” Melatonin is important for skin health and protection, and can be made by the skin or applied to it.
6 citations
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October 2003 in “Journal of applied polymer science” A new method using poly(ethylene imine) improves hair dyeing at lower temperatures with better color retention.
144 citations
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December 2017 in “Pigment cell & melanoma research” Melasma is now considered a skin aging disorder caused by sun exposure in people with a genetic tendency, which impacts treatment and prevention approaches.
1 citations
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May 2012 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” Iron can be present in hair color changes without overall iron deficiency.
21 citations
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September 2015 in “Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Yellow and orange colors are important for diagnosing certain skin conditions.
April 2026 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” Exosomes from umbilical cord stem cells help protect hair color and health under stress.
252 citations
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January 2008 in “Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism” Melatonin in the skin helps protect against damage from stress and UV rays, and could be used to treat certain skin conditions.
15 citations
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June 1986 in “Pediatric Dermatology” Androgens increase pigmentation in young hamsters, but estrogens can reverse this effect.
8 citations
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April 2016 in “Experimental dermatology” B6.Cg-Tyr c−2J Hr hr /J mice have a stronger delayed sunburn reaction and are good for UV research.
16 citations
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February 2008 in “PubMed” Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause skin darkening and white hair, but it's reversible.
April 2023 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Researchers found three types of melanocytes in developing mouse skin, each with different genes and locations.
19 citations
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May 1992 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Some alternative vitiligo treatments show promise, but none are as effective as psoralens and UVA.
June 2021 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” The gene Tfap2b is essential for creating a type of stem cell in zebrafish that can become different pigment cells.
185 citations
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February 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Melatonin may benefit skin health and could be a promising treatment in dermatology.
19 citations
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November 2023 in “npj Regenerative Medicine” Synthetic melanin applied to skin speeds up wound healing.
February 2026 in “Case Reports in Dermatology” Finasteride can cause melasma, especially in people with darker skin.
5 citations
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September 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Keratinocyte cytokines and genetic variations influence the development of moles and skin pigmentation.
1 citations
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January 2018 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Increased PHGDH expression causes early melanin buildup in hair follicles.
3 citations
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October 2020 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Removing β-catenin in certain stem cells causes hair whitening and pigmentation issues.
January 2005 in “Enlighten: Publications (The University of Glasgow)” Melanocyte pathology requires keratinocyte hyperplasia and regulation dysfunction.
January 2006 in “Linchuang pifuke zazhi” Stem cell factor and certain proteins help melanocytes from hair follicles move and attach better, aiding vitiligo repigmentation.
January 2026 in “Figshare” Finasteride can cause melasma, especially in people with darker skin.
66 citations
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February 1985 in “Archives of dermatological research” Hair dyes penetrate the scalp very minimally, less than 1%.