November 2015 in “The journal of investigative dermatology. Symposium proceedings/The Journal of investigative dermatology symposium proceedings” Alopecia areata is now understood to be driven by genetic and immune factors.
1 citations
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April 2017 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Certain immune cells may cause hair loss by reacting to stressed hair follicles.
Stress can cause hair loss and trigger autoimmunity by damaging hair follicle cells.
March 2026 in “Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” Upadacitinib improved multiple immune-related conditions in one patient.
April 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” IL-17 plays a key role in severe hair loss in chronic alopecia areata.
Tofacitinib may effectively treat hair loss and improve symptoms in autoimmune conditions like alopecia areata and Sjögren's syndrome, but long-term treatment might be necessary.
33 citations
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October 2006 in “European Journal of Immunology” The CD44-CD49d complex boosts T cell activation and survival in autoimmune disease.
August 2018 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Tofacitinib is a potential alternative treatment for alopecia totalis, especially in patients with a shorter duration of the condition and more preserved hair follicles, but the overall response rate is low.
1 citations
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March 2022 in “JAAD case reports” Methotrexate injection site reactions are rare but can be managed by changing injection sites and using topical treatments.
85 citations
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August 2015 in “Journal of Applied Genetics” Mutations in specific genes disrupt development of sweat glands, teeth, hair, skin, and nails in HED.