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January 2000 in “Journal of cosmetic science” Hydrolyzed wheat proteins penetrate all hair types effectively.
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December 2018 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” CARB is a strong barrier in human hair that prevents dye penetration.
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November 1968 in “Textile research journal” Hair fibers may have a unique, non-protein sheath not previously identified.
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December 2002 in “Biochemical and biophysical research communications” Scientists found out how a specific protein in human hair cuticles behaves and is structured.
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February 2007 in “Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” The study suggests silicon might be important for healthy hair, as less silicon was found in people with hair loss.
February 2024 in “Medicina” AFM can diagnose hair disorders by revealing detailed hair surface changes.
33 citations
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October 2012 in “Journal of Morphology” Reptile skin hardens by layering beta-proteins on keratin.
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January 2009 in “Experimental Dermatology” Hair sheds gradually from the follicle, with readiness to shed indicated by less attachment material.
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May 2008 in “Acta Zoologica” Keratinization in embryos helped vertebrates adapt to land by forming a protective skin barrier.
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September 2005 in “Experimental dermatology” The cornified envelope is crucial for skin's barrier function and involves key proteins and genetic factors.
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March 2019 in “Experimental Dermatology” A wide range of proteins are integrated into the skin's protective layer.
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August 2002 in “BioEssays” The cornified cell envelope forms a protective barrier in skin and hair, using specific proteins and lipids to maintain effectiveness.
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January 2023 in “Journal of Developmental Biology” Reptile skin protects and prevents water loss, helping them adapt to land.
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February 1968 in “Australian Journal of Zoology” The southern elephant seal's skin layer helps waterproof the skin by being tightly connected to hair shafts.
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September 1999 in “Journal of Synchrotron Radiation” Keratinous tissues have multiple structural layers, including ordered keratin and lipid granules.
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November 2016 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” A tough membrane between the outer and inner layers of human hair protects it from damage.
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December 2018 in “Journal of Experimental Zoology Part B Molecular and Developmental Evolution” Corneous beta-proteins evolved uniquely in reptiles and birds, forming scales, claws, beaks, and feathers.
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January 1994 in “Cell and Tissue Research” 82 citations
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January 2006 in “International review of cytology” Vertebrate skin evolved to be more specialized and complex, especially in land animals.
February 2022 in “Cosmetic Dermatology” Healthy skin prevents water loss and protects against threats.
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August 1981 in “PubMed” Trichilemmal keratinization is a unique process in hair follicles where the outer root sheath turns into keratin without a specific layer.
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August 2014 in “The Anatomical Record” Scaffoldin helps form hard skin structures in chicken embryos.
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