February 2025 in “Animals” Understanding proteins in skin structures like claws and hair is crucial for future research.
8 citations
,
April 2014 in “Experimental Dermatology” Mammals and birds have evolved poisonous skin and feathers for defense.
45 citations
,
December 1991 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences” Adhesion molecules are crucial for the development of feathers and hair.
February 2026 in “International Journal of Biological Macromolecules” Keratin from waste hair and feathers can be sustainably used to create stable emulsions for industrial applications.
January 2026 in “Biomaterials and Biosystems” Keratin from chicken feathers can be safely used on damaged skin.
8 citations
,
January 2023 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Transglutaminase activity is important for skin and is found in both mammals and birds.
June 2023 in “Historical records of Australian science/Historical Records of Australian Science” George Ernest Rogers was a notable scientist who made important discoveries about hair and wool proteins.
68 citations
,
April 2014 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Trichohyalin-like proteins are essential for the development of skin structures like hair, nails, and feathers.
86 citations
,
April 2009 in “Journal of anatomy” Hard skin features like scales, feathers, and hair evolved through specific protein changes in different animal groups.
36 citations
,
November 2019 in “Molecular biology and evolution” Cysteine-rich keratins evolved independently in mammals, reptiles, and birds for hard skin structures like hair, claws, and feathers.
3 citations
,
June 2020 in “Developmental Cell” Feather patterns are influenced by enhancers and chromatin looping, and the structure of protein complexes important for hair growth has been detailed.
17 citations
,
August 2014 in “The Anatomical Record” Scaffoldin helps form hard skin structures in chicken embryos.
6 citations
,
July 2007 in “Developmental Dynamics” The molecule Wise is involved in the development of various structures in chick embryos.
99 citations
,
July 2012 in “PLoS Genetics” A mutation in the KRT75 gene causes frizzle feathers in chickens.
50 citations
,
September 2012 in “Developmental Biology” Sprouty and FGF balance is crucial for normal feather shape and size.
2 citations
,
August 2021 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Hoxd gene regulation in mammals and birds is robust despite differences in DNA sequences, due to 3D chromatin structures.
26 citations
,
August 2007 in “Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger” Feathers become harder as they develop due to a change in keratin type.
151 citations
,
November 2014 in “Annual Review of Animal Biosciences” Feathers are crucial for understanding bird evolution, development, and have inspired biomimetic research.
53 citations
,
September 1999 in “Journal of Synchrotron Radiation” Keratinous tissues have multiple structural layers, including ordered keratin and lipid granules.
72 citations
,
August 2014 in “Genome Biology and Evolution” Feather diversity is due to different keratin gene combinations, and chickens can help study human keratin diseases.
22 citations
,
December 2016 in “PloS one” A specific protein in chicken embryos links early skin layers to feather development.
38 citations
,
July 2004 in “Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution” Reptilian scales, feathers, and hairs evolved from changes in skin cell interactions.
29 citations
,
December 2004 in “Developmental biology” cDermo-1 causes dense skin, feathers, and scales in chickens.
January 2026 in “Digitalen Hochschulbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt (Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt)” Keratin from chicken feathers can be safely used for skin benefits.
82 citations
,
January 2006 in “International review of cytology” Vertebrate skin evolved to be more specialized and complex, especially in land animals.
August 2025 in “Current Issues in Molecular Biology” Key pathways like WNT, EGF, FGF, SHH, and BMP regulate poultry feather growth, with BMP inhibiting it.
15 citations
,
December 2020 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Epidermal stem cells create and maintain skin structures like hair and nails through specific signaling pathways and vary by location and function.
January 2013 in “Elsevier eBooks” The conclusion is that understanding how patterns form in biology is crucial for advancing research and medical science.
29 citations
,
January 2021 in “G3 Genes Genomes Genetics” A 195 bp duplication in the HOXC10 gene causes crests in domestic chickens.
10 citations
,
June 2022 in “Development” Gene regulation evolved differently in mouse and chicken skin, but remained stable in their trunks.