18 citations
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August 2019 in “Clinical breast cancer” Local hormonal treatment for vulvovaginal atrophy is likely safe for women with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer on aromatase inhibitors.
30 citations
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April 1997 in “European journal of endocrinology” The document concludes that managing hirsutism involves identifying the cause, using a scoring system for severity, combining cosmetic and medical treatments, encouraging weight loss, and providing psychological support, while noting the need for more research on drug treatments.
35 citations
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May 1986 in “Clinics in endocrinology and metabolism” The exact cause of increased 5α-reductase activity leading to hirsutism in women is still unknown.
January 2018 in “Digital Commons - PCOM (Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine)” Topical eflornithine effectively reduces unwanted facial hair in women with hirsutism for at least 6 months.
10 citations
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May 1995 in “Journal of General Internal Medicine” Most women with excessive hair growth have PCOS; treatment varies and focuses on preventing new hair, with electrolysis as the only permanent removal method.
10 citations
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February 2016 in “The Journal for Nurse Practitioners” Healthcare providers need better education and resources to give competent and sensitive care to transgender patients.
Orthognathic surgeons play a key role in modifying masculine facial features to be more feminine, often improving transgender women's quality of life.
2 citations
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January 2020 in “Clinical Dermatology Review” Idiopathic hirsutism is the most common cause of hirsutism in women, followed by PCOS.
June 2023 in “Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America” Hair transplantation is important for transgender patients to enhance their masculine or feminine appearance.
12 citations
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January 2004 in “Reproductive biomedicine online” Low-dose anti-androgen drugs and certain drug combinations are effective for hirsutism, and insulin sensitizers show promise, especially for those with polycystic ovarian syndrome.
January 2006 in “Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature” 2170 citations
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September 2017 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” A multidisciplinary approach is crucial for safe and effective hormone treatment in gender-dysphoric individuals, with specific guidelines for adolescents and adults.
March 2016 in “The Journal of Urology” The discovery of 5α-reductase deficiency in guevedoces led to the development of important urologic medications.
1 citations
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November 1996 in “Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey”
April 2017 in “Journal of evolution of medical and dental sciences” Most women with excess hair growth had Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, and severity wasn't linked to hormone levels.
January 2016 in “Dermatology Online Journal” Hormonal therapy changes skin and hair in transgender patients, who need better researched dermatologic care.
94 citations
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July 1991 in “Clinical endocrinology” Cyproterone acetate at 2mg daily is as effective as higher doses for treating excessive hair growth in women.
18 citations
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September 1979 in “DMW - Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift” Diane is effective for treating acne, seborrhoea, androgenic alopecia, and mild hirsutism in women.
1 citations
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September 2016 in “PubMed” Using finasteride 0.5% solution with laser therapy significantly reduces unwanted facial hair in women.
98 citations
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July 2011 in “Fertility and Sterility” An mFG score of 5 or more indicates above-normal hair growth in Southern Chinese women.
6 citations
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November 1980 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Measuring plasma testosterone glucosiduronate is a reliable way to detect high male hormone levels in women.
August 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Elevated luteinizing hormone contributes to female-pattern hair loss, and blocking certain channels may help prevent it.
June 1995 in “International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics” Higher doses of oestradiol implants improve bone density in postmenopausal women.
1 citations
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July 2011 in “Climacteric” Long-term estrogen therapy in postmenopausal women can improve certain health markers, hair loss is common regardless of hormone use, stopping estrogen doesn't increase breast cancer risk, smoking does, and a balanced BMI is linked to lower mortality.
59 citations
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January 2003 in “Phytomedicine” Fennel extract cream can reduce hair thickness in people with excessive hair growth.
October 2023 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman's increased facial hair and hair loss were caused by a rare ovarian tumor, cured by surgery.
7 citations
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April 2011 in “American journal of obstetrics and gynecology” A woman's virilization symptoms were caused by her partner's use of testosterone cream, which resolved after they separated.
7 citations
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September 1988 in “Baillière's clinical obstetrics and gynaecology” Cyproterone acetate is effective for treating hirsutism and acne in women by blocking androgens in the skin and also works as a contraceptive.
29 citations
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May 1998 in “Bulletin of the American College of Nurse-Midwifery” The document concludes that menopause should be seen as a natural part of aging and managed with personalized care and informed choices.
28 citations
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August 2003 in “Steroids” Hirsute women have lower type 2 17β-HSD enzyme levels, which improve with treatment.