November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Estrogen deficiency can reduce the enzyme activity needed to activate vitamin D.
76 citations
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December 1997 in “Fertility and Sterility” Finasteride reduces hair growth better, but spironolactone has more side effects.
7 citations
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February 2025 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy” Human hair follicle stem cells improve ovarian function in mice with damaged ovaries.
33 citations
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January 2013 in “Dermatology” Over half of the adult women with acne in the study had higher than normal levels of male hormones, especially DHEA.
6 citations
,
March 1982 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” The document says that hair loss in women is often due to androgenic alopecia, similar to male baldness, and that hirsutism is treated with hormonal and cosmetic methods.
December 2014 in “Bali Medical Journal” Females have higher estrogen receptor levels in hair than males, and these levels decrease in white hair compared to black hair.
January 2009 in “Yearbook of Endocrinology” DHEA therapy improves pubic hair growth and psychological well-being in young females with central adrenal insufficiency.
September 1978 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry/Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” 16 citations
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January 2007 in “Archives of Iranian Medicine” Polycystic ovary syndrome is the main cause of hirsutism in premenopausal Iranian women.
39 citations
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October 2018 in “Aesthetic surgery journal” Injectables can feminize or masculinize a transgender person's face, but more research is needed for best practices.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A rare ovarian tumor caused high testosterone and excess hair in a woman, which was resolved after tumor removal.
20 citations
,
January 2007 in “Fertility and Sterility” A woman developed male traits from accidental contact with her husband's testosterone gel.
5 citations
,
January 2007 in “Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology” 17β-Estradiol boosts allergic reactions and slows thymus aging in mice.
November 2000 in “Current problems in dermatology” New treatments for hair loss and excessive hair growth show promise with few side effects and advancements in laser technology.
34 citations
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November 2017 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” A transwoman developed a brain tumor after nine years of hormone therapy, suggesting a possible link between the treatment and tumor development.
98 citations
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July 1983 in “Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Individuals with this condition often develop male traits and identities at puberty despite being raised as females.
8 citations
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January 1996 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Cyproterone acetate is the preferred treatment for women's hyperandrogenism when estrogen/progestogen use is safe.
March 2014 in “Fertility and Sterility” The April 2014 issue of "Fertility and Sterility" discussed various reproductive health topics, including hormone therapy benefits, sperm and genetic factors in male infertility, and the link between PCOS and diabetes.
March 2024 in “Journal of Neuroscience Research” Finasteride may reduce depression and anxiety in female rats and improve brain connectivity.
96 citations
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October 1987 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Chronic GnRHa treatment can help manage endometrial hyperplasia and reduce ovarian androgen excess in PCO patients.
6 citations
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January 1977 in “Archives of dermatological research”
32 citations
,
January 2010 in “Dermatology” Combining laser hair removal with topical eflornithine is recommended for better results in treating unwanted facial hair.
February 2009 in “Endocrinology” DHEA therapy improves pubic hair growth and psychological well-being in girls with central adrenal insufficiency.
1 citations
,
August 2013 in “Springer eBooks” Birth control pills and anti-androgen medications help manage hair growth, acne, and hair loss in women with PCOS.
October 2025 in “World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences” Hormonal imbalances can cause acne, excess hair growth, and hair loss in women, needing combined medical and emotional care.
April 2024 in “Women s Health Reports” Hyperandrogenemia is more significant for adolescent girls with irregular menses.
2 citations
,
November 2018 in “Seminars in Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery” Combining different treatments works best for female hair loss.
288 citations
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June 2009 in “Human reproduction update” The modified Ferriman-Gallwey method is a useful tool for diagnosing hirsutism.
1 citations
,
August 2012 in “Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft” A woman's hyperandrogenism was caused by a genetic mutation leading to non-classic adrenogenital syndrome.
1 citations
,
May 2014 in “Hair transplant forum international” Rogaine can stop hair loss in women, and other treatments like certain pills, light therapy, and special shampoos may also work.