January 2026 in “Immunological Reviews” Females generally have stronger immune responses than males due to the X chromosome.
9 citations
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January 2022 in “Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology” High levels of male hormones and irregular periods best predict how well PCOS patients will respond to metformin treatment.
2 citations
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November 2024 in “JCEM Case Reports” Inhaled substances in e-cigarettes can cause hormone imbalances similar to congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
July 2025 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology” G-1 promotes hair growth in female mice by activating specific signaling pathways.
November 2023 in “International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology” Polycystic ovary syndrome causes high male hormone levels, leading to symptoms like excess hair, acne, and fertility problems.
January 2020 in “Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology” All women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) in a study had at least one skin disorder, with the most common being excessive hair growth, acne, dark skin patches, hair loss, and oily skin.
November 2020 in “AACE clinical case reports” A woman's severe male hormone excess was caused by a small, hard-to-find ovarian tumor.
19 citations
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December 2021 in “Endocrine Reviews” There are various effective hormone treatments for puberty induction in boys and girls with hypogonadism, and starting treatment early is important.
8 citations
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September 2005 in “Practical diabetes” PCOS is a condition causing irregular periods, excess male hormones, and infertility, often managed by targeting insulin resistance and specific symptoms.
40 citations
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March 2014 in “Journal of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care” PCOS is a common hormonal disorder in women, marked by high androgen levels and often seen in 20% of women via ultrasound.