108 citations
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January 2010 in “International Journal of Andrology” Weak endocrine disruptors in mixtures can have significant effects and should be considered in risk assessments.
2 citations
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September 2024 in “Animal Cells and Systems” Hepatitis B virus alters steroid hormones in male mice, reducing dihydrotestosterone to inhibit viral replication.
October 2025 in “Contribuciones a las Ciencias Sociales” Alopecia in transgender individuals on hormone therapy can worsen emotional distress and affect self-esteem.
42 citations
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August 2012 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” Finasteride reduces certain behaviors caused by D1-like receptor agonists but not by D2-like receptor agonists in mice.
75 citations
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February 2016 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Androgens play a role in female sexual function, and testosterone therapy can help women with low sexual desire, but more research is needed on treatments and long-term safety.
28 citations
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January 1991 in “Reproductive Toxicology” Finasteride temporarily lowers male rat fertility without affecting libido.
12 citations
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February 2017 in “International journal of developmental neuroscience” Female guinea pigs exposed to less allopregnanolone before birth showed more anxiety-like behavior.
3 citations
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January 1994 in “Toxicological Sciences” Finasteride causes abnormal growth in male mice cells at high doses.
41 citations
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December 2016 in “International Journal of Women's Dermatology” Hormone therapy and surgeries for transgender individuals affect their skin and hair, requiring specific dermatologic treatments and respectful care.
6 citations
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August 2009 in “Mini-reviews in Medicinal Chemistry” Different drugs can treat high male hormone levels in women, but they have various effects and some may harm a fetus.
November 2024 in “Skin Appendage Disorders” Start low-dose minoxidil gradually, especially for women, to reduce side effects.
6 citations
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September 2005 in “Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy” Androgen therapy can help with symptoms like low libido in women, but more research is needed to understand its long-term safety and effects on health.
14 citations
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December 1998 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” MENT could be a better option than testosterone for male hormone therapy and birth control because it works well at lower doses and has fewer side effects on the prostate.
November 2004 in “Medical Journal of Indonesia” Hormonal imbalances can cause skin and hair problems in women, and treatments that block male hormones can help.
Testosterone undecanoate can reduce the negative effects of Finasteride on male reproductive health.
10 citations
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January 2019 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Testosterone increases hair growth and acne in transgender men.
2 citations
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August 2016 in “British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology” The document concludes that women should not use 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors due to the risk of birth defects and limited effectiveness.
57 citations
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August 2018 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Testosterone therapy in transgender men can cause acne.
1 citations
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January 2002 in “Yaoxue jinzhan” Finasteride reduces sperm count and affects male reproductive function, while Epristeride does not.
2170 citations
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September 2017 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” A multidisciplinary approach is crucial for safe and effective hormone treatment in gender-dysphoric individuals, with specific guidelines for adolescents and adults.
12 citations
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January 1991 in “Archives of dermatological research” Male hormones control a specific gene in hamster skin, with different hormones having varying effects.
April 2026 in “Al-Kufa University Journal for Biology” Finasteride lowers cortisol and raises testosterone levels in rats.
6 citations
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July 2018 in “Steroids” Testosterone changes how certain channels work in male rat reproductive tracts, affecting fertility-related fluid balance.
15 citations
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May 2009 in “Steroids” Certain compounds reduced hamster flank organ size by inhibiting 5α-reductase, like finasteride, without affecting androgen receptors.
4 citations
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June 2003 in “Fertility and Sterility” Finasteride doesn't affect ovulation in normal women.
111 citations
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May 2001 in “Human reproduction update” Insufficient androgen action in male fetuses can cause genital development issues due to genetic mutations or environmental chemicals.
May 2019 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Testosterone significantly affects urination differences between male and female mice.
August 2013 in “Circulation Research” Finasteride reduces heart enlargement and improves heart function.
14 citations
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January 2015 in “Hormones and Cancer” Androgen receptor inactivation delays skin cancer onset and reduces incidence in mice, with gender differences in susceptibility.
18 citations
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March 2002 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Estrogen increases blood vessel growth factor production, while testosterone blocks this increase.