January 2026 in “Journal of Sexual and Mental Health” New male contraceptive pills show promise in reducing sperm production with mild side effects.
34 citations
,
December 1991 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences” Differences in enzyme activity and androgen receptors in hair follicles may explain why hair loss appears differently in men and women.
38 citations
,
November 2005 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” Finasteride reduces prostate size and DHT in male mastomys but not in females.
5 citations
,
February 2019 in “Neuroscience letters” Hormones during puberty increase certain receptors in the brain, and this change is influenced by estrogen levels.
34 citations
,
December 2015 in “Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews” Some hormone-related drugs may protect brain cells in Parkinson's disease differently in men and women.
Cyproterone acetate is an effective treatment for women with acne, hair loss, and excessive hair growth.
10 citations
,
December 2010 in “British Journal of Dermatology” After menopause, some women lose scalp hair and gain facial hair, with patterns suggesting different underlying causes.
84 citations
,
September 2014 in “European journal of endocrinology” Doctors should check for serious tumor causes of high androgen levels in postmenopausal women and more research is needed on this condition.
September 2023 in “Gynäkologische Endokrinologie” Menopause causes skin and hair to become drier and thinner, but hormone therapy can improve these conditions.
October 2023 in “IJEM case reports” A 15-year-old girl with no menstrual period was diagnosed with a genetic condition that makes her body unable to respond to male hormones, leading to female characteristics despite having male genetic makeup.
92 citations
,
February 2005 in “Endocrinology” Estrogen receptors affect hair growth, with ER beta slowing down the hair cycle changes caused by ER alpha.
14 citations
,
November 2014 in “European journal of medicinal chemistry” Researchers found new potential treatments for conditions related to the androgen receptor, like male hormonal contraception, by testing thousands of compounds.
May 2006 in “Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology” Progesterone and its metabolites affect myelin protein expression differently in male and female rat Schwann cells.
June 2016 in “Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature”
10 citations
,
September 2001 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Hormonal factors may affect female hair loss, needing further research and treatment ideas.
1 citations
,
October 2022 in “International journal of endocrinology” Dihydrotestosterone changes some hormone-related gene expressions in rat pituitary glands but doesn't affect the estrous cycle.
October 2025 in “F1000Research” Postmenopausal women with excess male hormones may have ovarian tumors, and surgery usually cures them.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A 13-year-old girl's masculine symptoms improved after surgery for a rare adrenal tumor that produced male hormones.
11 citations
,
September 2012 in “Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada” Testosterone therapy seems safe for short-term use in postmenopausal women with low sexual desire, but more research on long-term effects is needed.
28 citations
,
March 1942 in “Journal of Endocrinology” Male rats grow hair faster than females, and certain hormones can slow or slightly increase hair growth, but not significantly beyond natural rates.
14 citations
,
July 2010 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Estrogen and prolactin may play bigger roles in female hair loss than previously thought.
November 2012 in “Endocrine Practice” Enzymes called 5α-reductases have many body functions and need more research to safely use inhibitors.
July 2016 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” Hirsutism treatment should focus more on patient needs and quality of life.
27 citations
,
March 2006 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” HRT helps improve skin issues caused by menopause.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman's severe male-like symptoms were caused by a rare, benign tumor in her ovary that produced male hormones.
5 citations
,
January 1985 in “Archives of Dermatology” Skin creams that block male hormones may help with hair growth, hair loss, and acne.
35 citations
,
May 1986 in “Clinics in endocrinology and metabolism” The exact cause of increased 5α-reductase activity leading to hirsutism in women is still unknown.
6 citations
,
November 2020 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” Androgens reduce BMP2, which weakens the ability of certain cells to help hair stem cells become different types of cells.
January 2024 in “Journal of surgical case reports” Removing an adrenal tumor can significantly reduce high androgen levels in postmenopausal women.