37 citations
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February 2010 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” Androgen self-administration might be controlled by membrane receptors, not nuclear ones.
2 citations
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August 2020 in “CRC Press eBooks” Tabby mutations in mice affect hair follicle development and help study genetic mapping and certain medical conditions.
Hair restoration helps transgender patients achieve desired gender appearances.
January 2023 in “Operative Techniques in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery” Hair transplants help transgender patients look more like their gender identity, with different procedures for trans women and men.
1 citations
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November 2007 in “Neuro-chirurgie/Neurochirurgie” Cyproterone acetate is a safe treatment that causes modest feminization in transgender female adolescents, and works better with added estrogens.
26 citations
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February 2009 in “Drug Development Research” 17α-estradiol is a safe estrogen that might protect the brain and doesn't cause feminization, needing more research for treating brain diseases.
9 citations
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November 1993 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Some men can have female pattern baldness without hormonal abnormalities or signs of feminization.
January 2021 in “CRC Press eBooks” Hair loss can have various causes and treatments vary in effectiveness.
53 citations
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January 1986 in “Endocrinology” Blocking a specific enzyme in male rat fetuses leads to the development of nipples and feminized genitalia.
24 citations
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December 2016 in “Psychiatric Clinics of North America” Transgender women can develop feminine traits and improve their quality of life through hormone therapy and surgery, but results vary and access to surgery can be limited.
9 citations
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July 2024 in “Internal Medicine Journal” Gender-affirming hormone therapy improves mental health and gender incongruence but requires careful management of cardiovascular and cancer risks.
8 citations
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April 2018 in “Facial Plastic Surgery” Men and women have different hairline restoration needs, with natural design being more complex for women, and hairline changes being important for transgender individuals' transitions.
1 citations
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June 2022 in “Frontiers in Neuroanatomy” Early hormones shape sex-specific differences in rat glands.
February 2024 in “Hormones” Future hormone therapy trials should match the diverse needs and priorities of the gender-diverse community.
January 2019 in “The Annals of Thoracic Surgery” The document concludes that careful planning and execution of facial gender affirmation surgery after at least 12 months of hormonal therapy can improve the quality of life for transgender individuals.
November 2017 in “Dermatologic Clinics” Men are increasingly interested in cosmetic treatments that enhance masculinity and address aging without downtime, with tailored approaches for different ethnicities and a focus on hair restoration and body contouring.
November 2007 in “Neuro-chirurgie/Neurochirurgie” Cyproterone acetate is a safe treatment that causes mild feminizing effects and is more effective with added estrogens.
16 citations
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February 2014 in “Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal” Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) affects Iranian women's feelings of femininity and self-image.
January 1983 in “Elsevier eBooks” Masculinization in affected individuals occurs gradually after puberty due to hormone changes.
The case showed the need for quick investigation of virilization in women and how emotional health is linked to physical health.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A transman experienced lasting virilization symptoms after stopping testosterone, which were resolved with estradiol treatment.
13 citations
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August 2020 in “Der Hautarzt” Excessive male hormones in women cause symptoms like unwanted hair growth, and treatment requires careful medical evaluation.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman's masculine features were caused by a rare ovarian tumor that produced male hormones.
January 2014 in “European Geriatric Medicine” A postmenopausal woman's virilization was caused by a rare ovarian tumor that was hard to detect but was successfully treated with surgery.
October 2025 in “Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT)” Hormone therapies improve mental health and quality of life for those with gender dysphoria.
October 2020 in “Medicine - Programa De Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado” Female hyperandrogenism is a condition caused by too much male hormones, leading to skin issues and ovulation problems, often due to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, and is treated based on individual symptoms.
1 citations
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October 2024 in “JCEM Case Reports” 5α-reductase deficiency can cause ambiguous genitalia and gender dysphoria, treatable with testosterone.
November 2021 in “Khyber Medical University Journal” A rare ovarian tumor caused a postmenopausal woman to develop male-like features, which improved after surgery.
March 2016 in “The Journal of Urology” The discovery of 5α-reductase deficiency in guevedoces led to the development of important urologic medications.
2 citations
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August 1999 in “PubMed”