January 2003 in “Zhonghua shiyan waike zazhi” Androgen increases VEGF expression but not VEGFR-2 in rat corpus cavernous.
4 citations
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August 2024 in “PLoS ONE” Both injectable contraceptives lower testosterone and SHBG levels, with NET-EN having a greater effect than DMPA-IM.
47 citations
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November 2002 in “Journal of Neurochemistry” Progesterone boosts alcohol's effect on brain, finasteride counters it.
April 2020 in “The FASEB Journal” Finasteride may cause lasting sexual issues by altering specific genes in human cells.
14 citations
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August 1997 in “The Journal of Urology” Finasteride can cause enlarged breasts.
111 citations
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August 2015 in “Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders” 5α-reductase inhibitors may cause persistent sexual dysfunction and depression, needing more research on long-term effects.
2 citations
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May 2019 in “PubMed” Oral finasteride and dutasteride may negatively affect erectile function in rats.
January 2026 in “Hormones and Behavior” Pregnancy affects fear memory and brain activity in female rats.
110 citations
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January 1984 in “Progress in brain research” Gonadal hormones may influence sex differences in play fighting in animals, but their effect on human spatial behavior is unclear and needs more research.
44 citations
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December 2005 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Combining 5α-reductase and aromatase inhibitors may better reduce estrogen levels.
205 citations
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July 2009 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Male and female skin differ in many ways, which could lead to gender-specific skin treatments.
July 2001 in “APMIS. Acta pathologica, microbiologica et immunologica Scandinavica./APMIS” Male children's genital development issues can be caused by genetic mutations or environmental factors affecting hormone action.
4 citations
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March 2017 in “Development” Estrogen is important for keeping adult mouse nipple skin healthy by controlling certain cell signals.
20 citations
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January 1999 in “Current Pharmaceutical Design” Antiandrogen therapy is effective and well tolerated for treating women's androgenic disorders like hirsutism, acne, and hair loss.
2 citations
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March 2025 in “Lynchburg Journal of Medical Science” Testosterone is important for women's health, but more research is needed to guide its use.
33 citations
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December 2015 in “Neuroendocrinology” Finasteride treatment changes brain steroid levels and receptors, affecting brain function even after stopping treatment.
10 citations
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May 2009 in “Cases Journal” A woman's masculine symptoms were caused by an ovarian tumor, which improved after surgery.
59 citations
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August 2004 in “Human Reproduction Update” Testosterone replacement can help women with low libido and mood, but they need to have enough estrogen first to avoid side effects.
18 citations
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March 2014 in “Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods” The animal models successfully simulated dry eye related to sex steroid deficiency.
April 2017 in “Reactions Weekly” Finasteride may cause weak ejaculation and reduced semen volume.
8 citations
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February 2017 in “Clinical Drug Investigation” Finasteride can cause sexual dysfunction and depression, which may persist and require hormonal treatment.
January 2026 in “AIP conference proceedings” 21 citations
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December 1977 in “Journal of pediatric surgery” Individuals with male pseudohermaphroditism often do better raised as females with early surgery.
1 citations
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January 2020 in “Elsevier eBooks” Hormone therapy is safe and effective for transgender adults, but requires regular monitoring and mental health support.
2 citations
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August 2023 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Excess maternal androgens can cause heart problems in offspring.
37 citations
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December 2003 in “Reproductive Toxicology” The assay effectively detects hormonal activity of certain chemicals.
February 2026 in “Toxicology Letters” MK-0773 is a moderate inhibitor of the SRD5A2 enzyme.
31 citations
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January 1995 in “The American journal of medicine” Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone play a role in women's health issues like excess hair and baldness, and treatments blocking these hormones may help.
January 2013 in “Reproductive Biology”
September 2025 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Hair loss in males and females is influenced by immune cell interactions, with potential treatments identified.