40 citations
,
September 2010 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” Keratin K80 is an ancient protein found in various tissues, important for cell structure and tissue differentiation.
30 citations
,
November 1992 in “The Journal of Dermatology” Keratohyalin and trichohyalin proteins help form and organize skin and hair structures.
November 2023 in “Advanced Science” A specific hair protein variant increases the spread of breast cancer and is linked to worse survival rates.
64 citations
,
April 1992 in “Differentiation” Sciellin is a protein that helps form protective layers in skin, hair, and nails.
23 citations
,
January 1981 Hair is mostly made of three protein types: helical, high-sulfur, and high-tyrosine.
13 citations
,
January 2002 in “Biological chemistry” Different conditions affect how hair proteins assemble, and certain mutations can change their structure.
19 citations
,
January 2009 in “International review of cell and molecular biology” Hair's strength and flexibility come from its protein structure and molecular interactions.
141 citations
,
February 1988 in “Molecular and Cellular Biology” Only one K16 gene on chromosome 17 makes a functional keratin protein.
211 citations
,
April 2018 in “Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology” Keratins are crucial for cell structure, growth, and disease risk.
72 citations
,
December 2018 in “Journal of Experimental Zoology Part B Molecular and Developmental Evolution” Corneous beta-proteins evolved uniquely in reptiles and birds, forming scales, claws, beaks, and feathers.
65 citations
,
February 1992 in “Development” Type II keratin genes are crucial for hair follicle differentiation and have a conserved structure and expression pattern.
28 citations
,
December 1997 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” A genetic mutation in the hHa1 gene creates a smaller, but still functional, hair protein without causing hair problems.
93 citations
,
May 1990 in “The EMBO Journal” Mice with extra sheep genes had hair that fell out and regrew in cycles.
23 citations
,
April 2003 in “Journal of Structural Biology” Keratin structure changes during keratinization, but the exact model remains uncertain.
30 citations
,
December 2011 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” Keratin 17 is modified by RSK1 in response to growth and stress, affecting skin growth and stress response.
686 citations
,
February 2002 in “Current Opinion in Cell Biology” Keratin filaments are crucial for cell structure and protection, with ongoing discoveries about their genes and functions.
17 citations
,
February 2015 in “Experimental Dermatology” Keratins are crucial for hair strength, and mutations in certain keratin genes cause hair disorders.
15 citations
,
May 2014 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” A chimeric keratin partially improved skin structure in mice lacking keratin 5, but didn't fully restore normal skin.
2 citations
,
September 2020 in “Biomedical materials” Recombinant keratin materials may better promote skin cell differentiation than natural keratin.
May 2022 in “Research Square (Research Square)” Nestin marks cells that can become a specific type of skin cell in hair follicles of both developing and adult mice.
356 citations
,
December 1986 in “The journal of cell biology/The Journal of cell biology” Hair and nail cells share similar proteins, indicating a common differentiation pathway.
14 citations
,
May 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” A rare gene mutation causes skin fragility and itching without affecting hair or nails.
13 citations
,
July 2017 in “Biopolymers” Recombinant keratins can form useful structures for medical applications, overcoming natural keratin limitations.
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The keratin network in mouse skin changes during cornification and affects the skin's protective barrier.
82 citations
,
January 2006 in “International review of cytology” Vertebrate skin evolved to be more specialized and complex, especially in land animals.
30 citations
,
October 1999 in “Differentiation” Mutant MK6a transgenes in mice cause blistering, hair loss, and potential human alopecia.
30 citations
,
January 2009 in “The scientific world journal/TheScientificWorldjournal” Hair is hard to dissolve because of its complex proteins, but certain solvents that break specific bonds and hydrate can do it.
A KRT32 gene variant causes loose anagen hair syndrome.
33 citations
,
September 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” A mutation in the KRT25 gene causes woolly hair and hair loss.
130 citations
,
April 2001 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The keratin tail is crucial for skin structure and function.