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April 2009 in “Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology” The immune system plays a key role in tissue repair, affecting both healing quality and regenerative ability.
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October 2014 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The guidelines advise against using testosterone and DHEA in women for most conditions due to safety and effectiveness concerns, but suggest considering testosterone for postmenopausal women with low sexual desire.
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November 2003 in “Clinical endocrinology” Insulin resistance is a key factor in polycystic ovary syndrome, but genetics may also contribute.
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November 2011 in “The EMBO Journal” Wnt1/βcatenin signaling is crucial for heart repair after injury.
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January 2018 in “Bone Research” TGF-β is crucial for tissue repair and can cause diseases if not properly regulated.
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October 2003 in “Developmental biology” Ectodin integrates BMP, SHH, and FGF signals in developing ectodermal organs.
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January 2000 Contaminated water with heavy metals causes serious health issues like kidney and liver problems.
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February 2016 in “Science” Hair loss and aging are caused by the breakdown of a key protein in hair stem cells.
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April 2011 in “Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research” Melanocyte stem cells in hair follicles are key for hair color and could help treat greying and pigment disorders.
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July 2002 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” Low iron and L-lysine levels can cause hair loss in women, and increasing these nutrients can reduce hair shedding.
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November 2000 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Finasteride doesn't effectively treat hair loss in postmenopausal women.
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December 2001 in “Urology” Blocking the enzyme 5α-reductase can shrink the prostate and help treat enlarged prostate issues.
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April 2000 in “Gene” Msx and Dlx genes are crucial for development, controlling cell behaviors like growth and differentiation through their roles as gene regulators.
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June 2012 in “Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology” Wnt signaling helps heal injuries and could lead to new treatments.
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October 2015 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Stem cells are crucial for skin repair and new treatments for chronic wounds.
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January 2021 in “Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology” Men have more severe COVID-19 outcomes than women.
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March 2006 in “Seminars in Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery” The document concludes that understanding hair follicle biology can lead to better hair loss treatments.
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October 2020 in “Microsystems & Nanoengineering” Microtechnology methods improve organoid production for medical research.
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January 2014 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” The conclusion is that proper signaling is crucial for hair growth and development, and errors can lead to cancer or hair loss.
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September 2016 in “JCI insight” Tofacitinib is safe and effective for severe alopecia areata, but hair loss may return 2 months after stopping treatment.
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January 2005 in “Endocrine journal” Melatonin is important for skin health and protection, and can be made by the skin or applied to it.
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March 2020 in “Advanced functional materials” Biomaterials with MSC-derived substances could improve tissue repair and have advantages over direct cell therapy.
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March 2004 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” 5% and 2% minoxidil solutions effectively promote hair growth and reduce hair loss, with 5% being slightly more effective but having more side effects.
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January 2013 in “The Lancet Oncology” Chemotherapy causes hair loss by damaging hair follicles and stem cells, with more research needed for prevention and treatment.
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April 2008 in “Genes & Development” Skin stem cells help repair damage and maintain healthy skin.
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April 2013 in “Development” More dermal papilla cells in hair follicles lead to larger, healthier hair, while fewer cells cause hair thinning and loss.
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February 2009 in “European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics” Hair follicles help absorb and store topical compounds, aiding targeted drug delivery.
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April 2006 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Iron deficiency may be related to hair loss, but there's not enough evidence to recommend iron screening or supplements for all hair loss patients.
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March 2012 in “Science Translational Medicine” PGD2 stops hair growth and is higher in bald men with AGA.
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August 2017 in “Nature cell biology” Lactate production is important for activating hair growth stem cells.