10 citations
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August 2020 in “International Journal of Andrology” 5α-reductase inhibitors like finasteride may not be effective or safe for transgender individuals, and more research is needed.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A 31-year-old woman was diagnosed with Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome much later than usual, leading to a call for earlier detection and treatment guidelines.
November 2007 in “Neuro-chirurgie/Neurochirurgie” Cyproterone acetate is a safe treatment that causes mild feminizing effects and is more effective with added estrogens.
January 2024 in “Brazilian Journal of Hair Health” Testosterone therapy in transgender men can lead to hair loss, with the risk increasing over time and influenced by family history.
The best treatment varies per individual, but options include minoxidil, finasteride, PRP, and LLLT.
1 citations
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January 2016 in “Medicinski glasnik Specijalne bolnice za bolesti štitaste žlezde i bolesti metabolizma” Most 46XX CAH patients have female identity, but a few identify as male and may need treatment and surgery.
17 citations
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January 1995 in “The American Journal of Medicine” The document concludes that proper diagnosis and tailored long-term treatment can effectively manage androgenic disorders in women, improving patient care outcomes.
January 2010 in “Springer eBooks”
20 citations
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January 2003 in “Treatments in Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy can help improve mood, sexual function, and bone health in women with low androgen levels, but more research is needed to establish safe and effective guidelines.
May 2026 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Sublingual minoxidil safely increases hair growth in transgender people on testosterone therapy.
May 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” The best treatment varies based on individual needs and available research.
54 citations
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April 2010 in “Baillière's best practice and research in clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Baillière's best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Impaired androgen production in 46,XY DSDs causes ambiguous genitalia and requires long-term care.
29 citations
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May 2013 in “Andrologia” Cross-sex hormone treatment in transsexual individuals helps understand how sex hormones affect diseases like heart disease and diabetes.
June 2023 in “Sri Lanka Journal of Menopause”
November 2016 in “Elsevier eBooks” Genetic mutations can affect female sexual development, requiring personalized medical care.
April 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Male pattern baldness may indicate arterial stiffness in transgender men on long-term testosterone therapy.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A 12-year-old boy with PAIS successfully developed male characteristics using high-dose testosterone and anastrozole.
6 citations
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June 2000 in “Psychiatric Services” Maintaining sexual health after menopause is possible with patient approaches, hormone supplements, and therapy, despite needing more research.
July 2021 in “Advances in laboratory medicine” Diagnosing sex development disorders requires combining medical history, physical exams, imaging, lab tests, and genetic data.
77 citations
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May 2012 in “Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs” New treatments for male hypogonadism are effective and should be personalized.
14 citations
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January 2001 in “Primary Care Update for Ob/gyns” Primary care doctors should address female sexual dysfunctions to improve women's sexual health and life quality.
3 citations
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March 2019 in “Post Reproductive Health” Testosterone replacement can help menopausal women with various symptoms, but should be used carefully and is not yet officially licensed in the UK for women.
November 2013 in “John Wiley & Sons, Ltd eBooks” The document concludes that accurate diagnosis of male and female gonadal disorders is crucial for effective treatment and better patient outcomes.
36 citations
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May 2011 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Treatment with a hormone agonist can reduce excess male hormones in postmenopausal women without surgery.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman developed male characteristics after using unregulated hormone therapy.
1 citations
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September 2012 in “Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism” Androgen replacement therapy can improve libido and mood in women with severe androgen deficiency, but more research is needed on its long-term safety.
14 citations
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March 2001 in “Psychiatric Services” Older men should openly discuss sexual health with doctors to improve their quality of life.
9 citations
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June 2002 in “Best Practice & Research in Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology” Testosterone therapy can help women with androgen deficiency by improving energy, sex drive, and bone health with few side effects.
September 2021 in “Physiology News” The LGBTQ+ STEM @UCL Network helps increase visibility and support for LGBTQ+ individuals in STEM at University College London.
1 citations
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May 2018 in “Clinical chemistry” The girl's unexpected pubic hair growth led to a diagnosis different from complete androgen insensitivity syndrome.