November 2007 in “Neuro-chirurgie/Neurochirurgie” Cyproterone acetate is a safe treatment that causes mild feminizing effects and is more effective with added estrogens.
10 citations
,
January 2019 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Testosterone increases hair growth and acne in transgender men.
77 citations
,
May 2012 in “Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs” New treatments for male hypogonadism are effective and should be personalized.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A 12-year-old boy with PAIS successfully developed male characteristics using high-dose testosterone and anastrozole.
March 2026 in “Mendeley Data” January 2026 in “Mendeley Data” March 2026 in “Mendeley Data” 5 citations
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July 2024 in “Minerva Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy in transgender individuals can increase the risk of erythrocytosis.
The best treatment varies per individual, but options include minoxidil, finasteride, PRP, and LLLT.
46 citations
,
January 2008 in “Climacteric” Testosterone therapy can help improve sexual desire and function in postmenopausal women but may cause side effects and is not FDA-approved for this use.
October 2007 in “Postgraduate obstetrics & gynecology” Testosterone therapy can help postmenopausal women with low sexual desire but needs more safety research and should be used with estrogen therapy.
February 2025 in “Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas” Transgender patients with hair loss need personalized treatment plans considering their unique needs.
5 citations
,
June 2004 in “The Journal of The British Menopause Society” Testosterone therapy can improve sexual satisfaction and mood in surgically menopausal women when used with estrogen, but its long-term safety and effects on naturally menopausal and premenopausal women are unclear.
May 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” The best treatment varies based on individual needs and available research.
4 citations
,
August 2018 in “American journal of otolaryngology” Transgender women on estrogen therapy can develop melasma and need proper skin care.
1 citations
,
May 2025 in “The Journal of Rheumatology” Living with lupus as both a patient and doctor improved understanding and care for others.
November 2020 in “Skin Research and Technology” Videodermoscopy better identifies female hair loss than clinical diagnosis.
2 citations
,
September 1971 in “Metabolism, clinical and experimental” Dihydrotestosterone has a reduced effect on muscle-building in people with testicular feminization syndrome, especially after their gonads are removed.
6 citations
,
September 2005 in “Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy” Androgen therapy can help with symptoms like low libido in women, but more research is needed to understand its long-term safety and effects on health.
July 2023 in “Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies” GnRH agonist effectively diagnoses and treats postmenopausal hyperandrogenism from ovarian sources.
25 citations
,
March 2000 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Testosterone therapy aims to treat hormone deficiencies and various conditions safely and effectively, but requires careful patient monitoring due to potential side effects.
282 citations
,
October 2006 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” The Endocrine Society advised against routine testosterone therapy for women, citing a need for more research on long-term safety and a clear definition of androgen deficiency.
10 citations
,
August 2020 in “International Journal of Andrology” 5α-reductase inhibitors like finasteride may not be effective or safe for transgender individuals, and more research is needed.
28 citations
,
May 2013 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Testosterone therapy can improve sexual desire and function in postmenopausal women but should be used cautiously and not based solely on testosterone levels.
30 citations
,
April 2021 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Testosterone therapy can help postmenopausal women with low sexual desire if monitored carefully.
251 citations
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October 2014 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The guidelines advise against using testosterone and DHEA in women for most conditions due to safety and effectiveness concerns, but suggest considering testosterone for postmenopausal women with low sexual desire.
31 citations
,
September 2006 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Testosterone therapy may slightly improve sexual function in postmenopausal women, but its long-term safety is unknown.
22 citations
,
August 2013 in “International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics” Acne severity in women with PCOS is linked to younger age, lower body weight, and more body hair, but not to hormone levels.
15 citations
,
August 2006 in “Journal of Cutaneous Pathology” HIV-1 may cause increased stem cell death in hair follicles, leading to hair loss.
August 2024 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” Telogen effluvium is linked to deficiencies in iron, vitamin B12, and thyroid function.