80 citations
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June 2002 in “Molecular Biology of the Cell” Type II keratins are uniquely phosphorylated during stress and mitosis, affecting their structure and function.
119 citations
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January 2000 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Different parts of the nail express different keratins, showing unique patterns of differentiation.
January 2023 in “Czech Journal of Animal Science” Proteins influence the quality and traits of cashmere goat fleece, affecting hair strength and diameter.
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December 1973 in “Biochemical Journal” Guinea-pig hair and follicle proteins are mostly similar, but follicles have more group 2 proteins and fewer group 3 and 4 proteins.
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December 1970 in “Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Protein Structure”
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January 1998 in “ACTA HISTOCHEMICA ET CYTOCHEMICA” Hair keratins are mainly on macrofibrils in the cortex and in the endocuticle in the cuticle.
125 citations
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February 1971 in “Biochemistry” Specific cross-linkages help make hair proteins stable and strong.
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January 2011 in “Biochemistry Research International” Hard α-keratin has a universal molecular structure with a specific superlattice arrangement.
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June 2014 in “[Thesis]. Manchester, UK: The University of Manchester; 2014.” Chemical modifications can alter hair's stability and flexibility, with hydrophobic interactions helping maintain structure in humid conditions.
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March 2004 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” 23 citations
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December 2012 in “Current opinion in cell biology” Keratin proteins are increasingly recognized as important for cell health and are linked to many diseases.
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December 1995 in “Anthropologischer Anzeiger” Family members have similar hair protein patterns, which could be useful for genetic studies.
12 citations
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December 2011 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” The C-terminal tail of AHF/trichohyalin is essential for organizing keratin filaments in keratinocytes.
January 2026 in “Biomaterials and Biosystems” Keratin from chicken feathers can be safely used on damaged skin.
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June 1994 in “Experimental Cell Research” mHa2 and mHa3 keratins have different structures and roles in mouse hair and tongue tissues.
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April 2017 in “Journal of structural biology” Human hair keratin fibers have a detailed nano-scale structure that changes with different conditions.
September 1978 in “PubMed” Chondroitin sulphate is more abundant than hyaluronic acid in skin and hair samples, except in gamma-keratosis.
46 citations
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November 1963 in “Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry” Arginine converts to citrulline in hair follicles as proteins harden.
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September 2022 in “Frontiers in genetics” Different proteins are linked to the varying thickness of sheep and goat hair types.
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January 1977 in “PubMed” The hair keratin variant is mostly found in Caucasians.
187 citations
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May 1988 in “Differentiation” Trichocytic cytokeratins are found in hair, nails, tongue, and thymus cells, showing complex regulation in tissue development.
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December 2020 in “ACS biomaterials science & engineering” Human hair keratins can form stable nanofiber networks that might help in tissue regeneration.
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July 1993 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”
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January 2015 in “Genetics and molecular research” Researchers found four key proteins that affect the development of a specific hair type in Yangtze River Delta white goats.
5 citations
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December 1996 in “Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications” Mouse hair keratins mHa1 and mHb4 can't form a strong network on their own in cells.
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December 2010 in “Journal of Morphology” Lizard claws have hair-like keratins similar to those in mammals.
2 citations
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September 2020 in “Biomedical materials” Recombinant keratin materials may better promote skin cell differentiation than natural keratin.