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Microglia, the brain's immune cells, may contribute to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) by altering the female brain's structure and function, with kisspeptin neurons and GABA neurotransmitters also playing a role.

A kimchi-derived bacterium could help whiten teeth and prevent bad breath.

SLFC can improve scalp health and reduce sensitive scalp symptoms.

Aging reduces skin cell renewal and defense against germs due to TGFbeta, but blocking TGFbeta could help restore these functions.

Microbial imbalances on the scalp can help diagnose and manage hair loss early.

The ATP assay can measure skin microbiome changes and recovery, with ethanol-treated skin taking longer to recover than tape-stripped skin.

Glutamine helps macrophages reduce inflammation and improve wound healing.

Menopause-related skin changes may increase fungal infections and inflammation.

BTNL proteins help control inflammatory bowel disease by maintaining specific immune cells.

The study developed a successful mouse model to study skin infections, highlighting the importance of choosing the right fungal strains.

Red fluorescence in AGA scalps is linked to different microbes.

Enterococcus faecalis may be linked to the severity of alopecia areata.

Skin bacteria help in skin regeneration and wound healing, with a specific signal called IL-1β playing a crucial role.

DHT may reduce inflammation caused by certain bacteria in skin cells.

Lowest effective minoxidil concentration is 1%, but 2% works better for male pattern baldness.

Acne is a temporary skin imbalance during puberty that often resolves on its own.

Children with autoimmune gastritis showed improved intestinal health over time and should be checked for other autoimmune conditions.

Genetic factors, skin barrier, immune function, and obesity influence risk of fungal skin infections.

Certain cancer drugs interact with skin bacteria to cause acne-like rashes.

Fluconazole is the preferred treatment for deep skin infections in immunocompromised patients.

High Geh gene expression in Staphylococcus aureus contributes to acne.

Short-chain fatty acids from *Cutibacterium acnes* cause skin inflammation, contributing to acne.

Reduced AhR signaling in HS tunnels leads to persistent inflammation and microbial imbalance.

Lactobacillus reuteri and Bacillus natto can replace antibiotics to improve piglet health and growth.

The scalp has more diverse bacteria, while hair has more bacteria and unique types.

Inhibiting EGFR weakens skin's defense against bacteria.

Human hair shafts inhibit Gram-positive bacteria growth but not Gram-negative bacteria.

EGFR inhibitors cause skin issues and hair loss by weakening skin defenses, suggesting antibiotics and targeted treatments can help.

Sensitive scalp has higher pH, more redness, abnormal sebum, and altered bacterial makeup.

Germ-free rats need biotin for growth and have different vitamin metabolism compared to regular rats.