January 2025 in “Surgical & Cosmetic Dermatology” Forehead reduction surgery can fix forehead defects and improve appearance.
21 citations
,
November 2014 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Cross-sex hormone therapy is important for managing gender dysphoria and requires careful monitoring and healthcare provider education.
21 citations
,
January 2015 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Progesterone byproduct 5αP stimulates mammary tumor growth, but finasteride can suppress it.
November 2017 in “Reactions Weekly” Testosterone undecanoate caused hair loss; finasteride improved it but caused stomach issues for one patient.
Most excessive hair growth is due to idiopathic hirsutism or PCOS; treatment starts with cosmetic methods and drugs like cyproterone acetate or spironolactone, with results in 6-12 months.
66 citations
,
October 2013 in “Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity” The conclusion is that published guidelines are improving transgender medical care, but more research and education in transgender medicine are needed.
17 citations
,
April 2009 in “Andrologia” A boy's early puberty caused by a testicular tumor returned to normal after surgery.
19 citations
,
July 1990 in “Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine” Androgen excess disorders in women were effectively treated with spironolactone, estrogen, and dexamethasone.
34 citations
,
April 2023 in “Climacteric” Gender-affirming hormone therapy affects health risks and requires careful management, especially as transgender individuals age.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” The study found that imaging might miss small ovarian tumors causing high testosterone, and suggested using certain testosterone levels and treatment responses to identify these tumors.
9 citations
,
January 2007 in “Endocrine Practice” A woman's male-like symptoms and high testosterone were due to ovarian hilus-cell hyperplasia, which improved after surgery.
March 1997 in “Journal of Endocrinology/Journal of endocrinology” Excessive hair growth in women can be treated with medications like spironolactone and finasteride, and male-pattern baldness in women can be improved with similar treatments.
4 citations
,
July 2021 in “Dermatology and therapy” Hormone therapy increases facial and body hair in transgender men, while hair removal improves well-being in transgender women, but cost is a barrier as insurance often doesn't cover it. Dermatologists can use various treatments for these hair issues.
33 citations
,
May 2016 in “Translational andrology and urology” Laser hair removal before genital surgery can prevent complications and improve patient satisfaction.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Middle-aged men with unusual hot flashes should be checked for pituitary tumors.
June 2002 in “Current obstetrics and gynaecology/Current obstetrics & gynaecology” Hirsutism, excessive hair growth in women, often caused by high androgen levels and polycystic ovary syndrome, can be treated with medication and weight management.
1 citations
,
September 2021 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Minoxidil can help transgender males grow facial hair before starting testosterone therapy.
1 citations
,
February 2022 in “Case reports in endocrinology” An unusual growth of Leydig cells in a woman's ovaries caused her excessive hair growth, which was treated successfully with surgery.
19 citations
,
February 2012 in “International Journal of Urology” In Japan, sex reassignment surgery for gender identity disorder faces challenges and needs better medical support and education.
4 citations
,
May 2019 in “Journal of Clinical Oncology” Some breast cancer treatments cause hair loss similar to male pattern baldness, which can be improved with minoxidil.
May 2008 in “Trends in Urology Gynaecology & Sexual Health” Loop diuretics may double bone loss in elderly men, finasteride lowers prostate cancer risk but may increase high-grade tumors, abarelix reduces testosterone quickly, and transdermal testosterone offers minimal sexual benefit for women.
3 citations
,
April 1977 in “PubMed” The treatment improved acne, seborrhoea, and hirsutism, with some side effects like spotting and nervousness.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Leydig cell tumors can cause high testosterone and symptoms in postmenopausal women, and removing them improves symptoms.
4 citations
,
December 1994 in “PubMed” Cyproterone acetate with estradiol improved women's self-confidence and emotional well-being without a difference between oral or transdermal methods, but younger women preferred the oral method.
3 citations
,
January 2021 in “touchREVIEWS in Endocrinology” Surgery removed an ovarian tumor, improving her symptoms and normalizing testosterone levels.
February 2026 in “British Journal of Sports Medicine” Transgender women have similar fitness to cisgender women, while transgender men have higher fat and lower strength than cisgender men; hormone therapy affects body composition and strength.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Androgens and estrogens are crucial for insulin secretion in males.
4 citations
,
December 2002 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Estrogens can slow skin aging after menopause, but can't restore youthful skin.
6 citations
,
April 2009 in “Obstetrician & gynaecologist/The obstetrician & gynaecologist” Hirsutism in young women is often caused by PCOS and managed with lifestyle changes, treatments, and hormonal therapy, which takes 9-12 months to work.
October 2023 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” The document concludes that doctors should thoroughly check postmenopausal women with sudden increased male traits for rare conditions like androgen-producing endometrial cancer.