August 1989 in “Proceedings ... annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America/Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America” The research provided a detailed view of the non-keratinous parts of human hair fibers.
20 citations
,
December 2012 in “Journal of molecular structure” The study found that thioglycolic acid breaks down hair bonds more consistently than l-cysteine, which is less damaging to hair.
87 citations
,
July 2009 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Human beard hair medulla contains a unique and complex mix of keratins not found in other human tissues.
356 citations
,
December 1986 in “The journal of cell biology/The Journal of cell biology” Hair and nail cells share similar proteins, indicating a common differentiation pathway.
39 citations
,
December 1998 in “Journal of Cell Science” The LEF-1 binding site enhances gene expression in hair follicles, with other proteins aiding specific regulation.
21 citations
,
June 2002 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Advancements in hair keratin research could lead to better hair health treatments.
20 citations
,
October 1995 in “Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression” hHb1, hHb3, and hHb6 mRNAs start expressing at the same time in hair follicles.
3 citations
,
December 2008 in “Frontiers of Agriculture in China” The Cashmere goat hair keratin gene is crucial for hair structure.
11 citations
,
January 1981 in “Cells Tissues Organs” Human hair cuticle has five cell layers with specific junctions and granules.
36 citations
,
July 1988 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” Pili annulati is caused by a protein metabolism disorder affecting hair structure.
January 2008 in “대한미용학회지” UV exposure severely damages hair, making it rough and weak.
12 citations
,
July 2016 in “Forensic science international” The research found that postmortem root bands in hair are likely caused by the breakdown of a specific part of the hair's inner structure after death.
98 citations
,
June 2001 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” A cluster of sulfur-rich hair protein genes was found on chromosome 17.
November 2021 in “CRC Press eBooks” Hair color is determined by melanin and can be affected by genetic conditions like albinism.
1 citations
,
September 2018 in “International journal of research - granthaalayah” Human hair medulla doesn't break down hydrogen peroxide, which may affect hair color formation.
January 2017 in “Clinical approaches and procedures in cosmetic dermatology” Cosmetic procedures can harm hair, but damage can be minimized with knowledge and care; however, once hair is damaged, it cannot be reliably repaired.
83 citations
,
May 2011 in “Experimental Dermatology” Sheep have 17 keratin genes, similar to humans, but with different expression patterns affecting wool and hair.
30 citations
,
April 2009 in “Mycoses” Microsporum gypseum fungus breaks down keratin in hair by digesting it enzymatically, starting with less keratinized parts.
The goat hair keratin gene is very similar to sheep's and is strongly expressed in goat hair follicles.
100 citations
,
December 2002 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” Researchers mapped and categorized specific keratin-associated protein genes on human chromosome 21q22.1.
September 2025 in “OPAL (Open@LaTrobe) (La Trobe University)” SELP::KP improves hair strength, elasticity, and health, making it a promising hair cosmetic.
4 citations
,
August 2014 in “Journal of molecular structure” Chemical treatments on bleached black hair change its internal structure by breaking and reforming bonds, and treatments with hydrolyzed eggwhite protein help repair it.
February 2023 in “Mağallaẗ Tikrīt li-l-ʻulūm al-ṣirfaẗ/Tikrit journal of pure science” Horse skin has a layered epidermis, a dermis with hair follicles, sweat and sebaceous glands, and is supplied by small arteries.
3 citations
,
January 2016 NuMA-microtubule interactions are crucial for proper skin structure and hair growth.
June 2021 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” KIF18B is important for correctly positioning cell division machinery in skin cells, affecting hair follicle development.
4 citations
,
November 2016 in “The Journal of Dermatology” Pili torti hair is fragile due to loose keratin filaments and weak disulfide bonds.
140 citations
,
August 2011 in “Biomaterials” Keratose, derived from human hair, is a non-toxic biomaterial good for tissue regeneration and integrates well with body tissues.
4 citations
,
January 2009 in “PubMed” A mutation in the KRT86 gene causes hair fragility in a Turkish family.
16 citations
,
October 2014 in “Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology and oral radiology” Keratoacanthoma comes from hair follicle cells.
29 citations
,
July 2015 in “Journal of Medical Genetics” A genetic variant in the KRT25 gene causes tightly curled hair.