68 citations
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August 2014 in “PeerJ” Human hair proteins vary by individual, body site, and ethnicity, useful for forensics.
27 citations
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May 2019 in “Cosmetics” The hair cuticle is made of tough proteins that protect the hair, but more research is needed to fully understand its structure.
20 citations
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January 2015 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Older people's hair cuticles get more easily damaged and lose protective oils, especially in their 40s and 50s.
17 citations
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February 1987 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” The hair cuticle acts as a barrier against fungal infection, which occurs only deep within the hair follicle.
11 citations
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January 1981 in “Cells Tissues Organs” Human hair cuticle has five cell layers with specific junctions and granules.
3 citations
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March 2009 in “Hirosaki University Repository for Academic Resources (Hirosaki University)” Hirosaki hairless rats have sparse, twisted hair due to missing hair keratin genes.
3 citations
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January 2015 in “Mathematical problems in engineering” Hair damage increases significantly with higher temperatures and longer heating times.
1 citations
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January 2018 in “Journal of microscopy and ultrastructure” The method can identify minerals in hair from water, and using coconut oil or conditioner can prevent mineral buildup.
1 citations
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November 2003 in “Humana Press eBooks” AFM helps study hair surfaces for dermatology, cosmetics, and forensics.
January 2025 in “Journal of Raman Spectroscopy” Polarized Raman spectra can reveal changes in hair keratin's protein structures.
May 2017 in “Journal of microscopy and ultrastructure” Water quality affects mineral content in hair, and coconut oil can protect against damage.
The research found that people's hair proteins vary, especially by ethnicity and body part, which could help identify individuals in forensic science.
The research found that people's hair proteins vary by individual and body part, with some differences between ethnic groups, which could help in forensics.
15 citations
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January 1998 Frequent blow-drying causes cracks and breakage in hair cuticles.
44 citations
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August 1990 in “PubMed” Keratins K1 and K10 are found in the inner root sheath and cuticle of human hair follicles.
3 citations
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July 2003 in “PubMed” The research found a way to measure hair surface changes by analyzing how light reflects off of it, and determined hair cuticle angles vary by hair length and color.
1 citations
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November 2023 in “Cosmetics” Surfactants damage hair, but sealing the cuticle can prevent this.
December 2025 in “Biopolymers” Heat worsens damage in chemically treated hair, especially bleached and straightened hair.
January 2003 in “Research Portal (King's College London)” Hair color affects light reflection, with black hair having higher cuticle angles and lighter hair showing less specular reflection.
11 citations
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May 2013 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” KRTAP10 proteins help form the hair shaft's tough outer layer by interacting with specific hair keratins.
60 citations
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March 2006 in “Journal of Medical Genetics” A mutation in the KRTHB5 gene causes hair and nail issues.
10 citations
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November 2016 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” A tough membrane between the outer and inner layers of human hair protects it from damage.
December 2021 in “Journal of natural fibers” The conclusion is that new methods for isolating hair cuticle cells and removing the cuticle layer are effective and convenient.
March 1997 in “Medical Molecular Morphology” Zinc deficiency causes early scalp hair damage that recovers slower than skin symptoms.
12 citations
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January 1988 in “YAKUGAKU ZASSHI” Certain natural extracts can promote hair regrowth.
6 citations
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December 2018 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” CARB is a strong barrier in human hair that prevents dye penetration.
6 citations
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April 2005 in “Journal of dermatological science” The study found nine new hair protein genes in human hair follicles.
February 2020 in “The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan” 15 citations
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January 1991 in “Mammalian Genome” January 2008 in “Medical Entomology and Zoology”