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GlossaryKeratin Expression

process by which cells produce structural protein for hair and skin

Keratin expression refers to the process by which cells produce keratin, a type of protein that is a key structural component of hair, skin, and nails. This process is regulated by specific genes, and variations in keratin expression can affect the strength, texture, and growth of hair. For professionals, understanding keratin expression is crucial for diagnosing and treating conditions like alopecia and other hair disorders.

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DNA Dioxygenases Tet1/2/3 Control Hair Matrix Keratinocyte Differentiation and Hair Shaft Shape via Regulation of Hair Keratin Gene Expression

research 764 DNA dioxygenases Tet1/2/3 control hair matrix keratinocyte differentiation and hair shaft shape via regulation of hair keratin gene expression

June 2020 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

The enzymes Tet1, Tet2, and Tet3 are important for the development of hair follicles and determining hair shape by controlling hair keratin genes.

research Sequence and expression of human hair keratin genes

19 citations , July 1994 in “Journal of Dermatological Science”

Human hair keratin genes are similar to mouse genes and are specifically expressed in hair follicles.

Ectopic Expression of a Truncated Isoform of Hair Keratin 81 in Breast Cancer Alters Biophysical Characteristics to Promote Metastatic Propensity

research Ectopic Expression of a Truncated Isoform of Hair Keratin 81 in Breast Cancer Alters Biophysical Characteristics to Promote Metastatic Propensity

November 2023 in “Advanced Science”

A specific hair protein variant increases the spread of breast cancer and is linked to worse survival rates.

research Expression of hair-related keratins in a soft epithelium: Subpopulations of human and mouse dorsal tongue keratinocytes express keratin markers for hair-, skin- and esophageal-types of differentiation

128 citations , March 1989 in “Experimental Cell Research”

Hoxc13 is important for hair and tongue development by controlling hair keratin genes.

research Differential expression of keratin and keratin associated proteins are linked with hair loss condition in spontaneously mutated inbred mice

November 2024 in “Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications”

Abnormal gene expression related to keratin causes hair loss in certain mice.

research Sequence of a Cashmere goat type I hair keratin gene and its expression in skin

3 citations , December 2008 in “Frontiers of Agriculture in China”

The Cashmere goat hair keratin gene is crucial for hair structure.

research Expression of keratin K14 in the epidermis and hair follicle: insights into complex programs of differentiation.

198 citations , November 1989 in “The Journal of Cell Biology”

Keratin K14 expression varies between hair follicles and epidermis, affecting cell differentiation.

research Hair-specific expression of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase in transgenic mice under the control of an ultra-high-sulfur keratin promoter.

33 citations , September 1990 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences”

The study showed that a specific DNA sequence can control gene expression in hair growth areas of mice.

research The Microanatomy, Cell Replication, and Keratin Gene Expression of Hair Follicles during a Photoperiod-lnduced Growth Cycle in Sheep

20 citations , January 1995 in “Cells tissues organs”

Changing light periods synchronized wool growth cycles in sheep.

research Sequences and differential expression of three novel human type-II hair keratins

61 citations , February 1997 in “Differentiation”

Hair differentiation starts earlier than thought, involving multiple type-II keratins.

research Damage of hair follicle stem cells and alteration of keratin expression in external radiation-induced acute alopecia

28 citations , June 2012 in “International Journal of Molecular Medicine”

Radiation damages hair stem cells and changes keratin expression, with Krt5 as a potential marker for radiation effects.

Annurca Apple Nutraceutical Formulation Enhances Keratin Expression in a Human Model of Skin and Promotes Hair Growth in a Randomized Clinical Trial

research Annurca Apple Nutraceutical Formulation Enhances Keratin Expression in a Human Model of Skin and Promotes Hair Growth and Tropism in a Randomized Clinical Trial

27 citations , September 2017 in “Journal of Medicinal Food”

Annurca apple supplement safely increases hair growth and keratin in humans.

research Induction of Hair Keratins Expression by an Annurca Apple-Based Nutraceutical Formulation in Human Follicular Cells

13 citations , December 2019 in “Nutrients”

An apple-based supplement was found to stimulate hair protein production, which may help with hair growth.

research [Immunohistochemical study on the keratin expression in generating rat hair tissues using anti-hair keratin monoclonal antibodies].

July 1990 in “PubMed”

Hair germ cells differ from epidermal cells in keratin expression, and specific keratins form after hair differentiation.

research Regulation of Keratin Gene Expression in Hair Follicle Differentiation^a

98 citations , December 1991 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences”

Keratin gene regulation is similar across mammals, affecting hair follicle differentiation.

research Ageing processes influence keratin and KAP expression in human hair follicles

35 citations , May 2011 in “Experimental Dermatology”

Aging causes changes in hair follicles, leading to weaker hair growth.

research Characterization of the Promoter Regions of Two Sheep Keratin-Associated Protein Genes for Hair Cortex-Specific Expression

14 citations , April 2016 in “PloS one”

The KRTAP11-1 gene promoter is crucial for specific expression in sheep wool cortex.

research Keratins of the human occipital hair medulla: androgenic regulation ofin vitrohair keratin K37 expression

6 citations , February 2013 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

Androgens significantly regulate hair keratin K37 expression.

research Angora Mouse Mutation: Altered Hair Cycle, Follicular Dystrophy, Phenotypic Maintenance of Skin Grafts, and Changes in Keratin Expression

69 citations , May 1997 in “Veterinary Pathology”

The angora mouse mutation causes long hair and hair defects due to a gene deletion.

research Hair follicle differentiation: expression, structure and evolutionary conservation of the hair type II keratin intermediate filament gene family

65 citations , February 1992 in “Development”

Type II keratin genes are crucial for hair follicle differentiation and have a conserved structure and expression pattern.

research Keratin Expression Provides Novel Insight into the Morphogenesis and Function of the Companion Layer in Hair Follicles

38 citations , December 2006 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Keratin patterns in hair follicles help understand hair growth and potential hair and nail disorders.

research Structural features and sites of expression of a new murine 65 kD and 48 kD hair-related keratin pair, associated with a special type of parakeratotic epithelial differentiation

28 citations , August 1992 in “Differentiation”

A new pair of mouse keratins, 65 kD and 48 kD, are found in specific skin areas and are linked to a unique skin differentiation type.

research Expression of novel keratin associated protein 5 genes in the cuticle layer of human hair follicles

6 citations , April 2005 in “Journal of dermatological science”

The study found nine new hair protein genes in human hair follicles.

research Expression patterns of hair-related keratins and epithelial keratins in onychopapilloma: The significance of clarifying the origin of onychopapilloma

3 citations , November 2022 in “Frontiers in Medicine”

Onychopapilloma likely originates from the nail bed, not the nail matrix.

research Keratin expression in the hair of different racial groups

September 1998 in “Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology”

Different racial groups have varying keratin proteins, affecting hair texture and strength.

Differential Expression of Keratin and Keratin-Associated Proteins Linked with Hair Loss in Spontaneously Mutated Inbred Mice

research Differential expression of keratin and keratin associated proteins are linked with hair loss condition in spontaneously mutated inbred mice

July 2024 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)”

Hair loss in certain mice is linked to changes in keratin-related genes.

research Study on Differential Expression of Keratin Associated Protein 8-1 Gene of Different Varieties of Ovis aries in Skin and Hair Follicle

January 2014 in “China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine”

The KAP8-1 gene affects skin, hair follicle development, and wool quality in different sheep varieties.

research Study on kerantin association protein 8.1 gene expression of Liaoning cashere goats in skin and hair follicle

January 2014 in “China Feed”

Higher expression of the keratin-associated protein 8.1 gene in Liaoning cashmere goats is linked to finer cashmere fibers.

research Expression of hair keratins in the adult nail unit: an immunohistochemical analysis of the onychogenesis in the proximal nail fold, matrix and nail bed

110 citations , August 2004 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

The ventral matrix is the main source of the nail plate.

research Regular expression of hair follicle keratins as crucial factors in tissue engineering of hair follicles

November 2011 in “International Society of Hair Restoration Surgery”

Keratins are key to developing and regenerating hair follicles for treating hair loss.