82 citations
,
February 2017 in “Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology” The TGF-β family helps control how cells change and move, affecting skin, hair, and organ development.
11 citations
,
July 2014 in “Gene” The S250C variant in a gene may cause autoimmunity and immunodeficiency by impairing protein function.
19 citations
,
August 2012 in “Cell death and differentiation” Intu gene is crucial for hair follicle formation by helping keratinocytes differentiate through primary cilia.
February 2023 in “Mağallaẗ Tikrīt li-l-ʻulūm al-ṣirfaẗ/Tikrit journal of pure science” Horse skin has a layered epidermis, a dermis with hair follicles, sweat and sebaceous glands, and is supplied by small arteries.
134 citations
,
January 2011 in “Development” Adam10 enzyme is crucial for healthy skin and proper Notch signaling.
59 citations
,
March 2008 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Smad-4 and Smad-7 are key in hair follicle development, with other Smads being less important.
5 citations
,
January 2019 in “Elsevier eBooks” Current therapies cannot fully regenerate adult skin without scars; more research is needed for scar-free healing.
101 citations
,
December 2010 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Scientists turned mouse stem cells into skin cells that can grow into skin layers and structures.
90 citations
,
June 2006 in “The American Journal of Dermatopathology” The document concludes that accurate diagnosis of different types of hair loss requires careful examination of hair and scalp tissue, considering both clinical and microscopic features.
1 citations
,
October 2013 in “Expert Review of Dermatology” Diagnosing alopecia areata is challenging and requires careful examination and various tests to distinguish it from other hair loss types.
421 citations
,
April 2012 in “The New England Journal of Medicine” Alopecia Areata is an autoimmune condition causing hair loss with no cure and treatments that often don't work well.
299 citations
,
January 2018 in “Journal of Clinical Investigation” Different types of fibroblasts play various roles in diseases and healing, and more research on them could improve treatments.
191 citations
,
May 2018 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” Alopecia areata is likely an autoimmune disease with unclear triggers, involving various immune cells and molecules, and currently has no cure.
122 citations
,
November 1984 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” No single treatment is consistently effective for alopecia areata, and more research is needed.
34 citations
,
October 2017 in “Archivos Argentinos De Pediatria” Alopecia Areata is a complex, unpredictable autoimmune hair loss condition with limited treatment options and a significant psychological impact.
24 citations
,
June 2018 in “Reviews in endocrine and metabolic disorders” Thyroid diseases may contribute to autoimmune skin diseases, and more research is needed on their relationship.
23 citations
,
September 2014 in “JEADV. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology/Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Laser treatments are the most effective for porokeratotic adnexal ostial nevus.
21 citations
,
October 1980 in “Gastroenterology” The report described a unique case of Cronkhite-Canada syndrome with unusual polyps and an association with multiple myeloma.
12 citations
,
August 2016 in “Current opinion in genetics & development” Organs like hair follicles can renew themselves in complex ways, adapting to different needs and environments.
Alopecia Areata has no cure, treatments are limited, and the condition often recurs, but new therapies like JAK inhibitors show promise.
November 2020 in “International journal of contemporary pediatrics” Two siblings had a rare immune disorder caused by a FOXN1 gene mutation.
277 citations
,
July 2011 in “Journal of the Dermatology Nurses’ Association” The skin's layers protect, sense, and regulate the body's internal balance, but can be prone to cancer.
52 citations
,
June 1981 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Oral retinoids are effective for severe skin conditions but require careful use due to side effects.
February 2025 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Hair follicles protect melanocytes from sun damage, helping them replenish skin.
January 2016 in “Dermatology Review” Endocrine disorders can cause various skin and hair issues.
Laser hair removal may cause skin changes that prevent hair regrowth.
January 2009 in “Springer eBooks” The document concludes that managing skin conditions during pregnancy is important and requires specialized care.
Topical minoxidil helps treat hair loss in teens, but more research needed for safe options.
19 citations
,
August 2020 in “Gastroenterology report” There is no standard treatment for the rare Cronkhite–Canada syndrome, which can be fatal and lead to cancer.
10 citations
,
October 2016 in “Experimental Dermatology” Nail stem cells and Wnt signaling are important for fingertip regeneration but not sufficient for regenerating more complex limb structures.