12 citations
,
November 2019 in “South African Medical Journal” Lye and no-lye hair relaxers can damage skin.
3 citations
,
May 2009 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Relaxer treatments damage African–American hair, with commercial products causing more harm than lab-made solutions.
1 citations
,
November 2011 in “Dermatologica Sinica” Women using hair relaxers with alopecia had lower zinc levels, suggesting zinc deficiency might contribute to hair loss.
1 citations
,
June 2021 in “Preprints.org” Hair relaxers and straighteners can be toxic to skin cells.
June 2024 in “Journal of Clinical Oncology” Frequent use of chemical hair relaxers may increase endometrial cancer risk in Black women.
August 2005 in “Microscopy and Microanalysis” Polymethylene wax in hair relaxers makes hair smooth and shiny with less damage.
January 2011 in “Yearbook of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery” Hair relaxers are linked to reduced cystine levels and potential hair damage.
January 2026 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” Lye relaxers don't significantly change hair cortisol levels.
1 citations
,
August 2020 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Caffeine may protect hair follicles from stress-related hair loss.
June 2023 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Chemical hair relaxers are not proven to cause uterine cancer.
29 citations
,
May 2007 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Hair relaxers can cause lasting scalp damage and hair loss.
18 citations
,
August 2009 in “Skin Research and Technology” OCT can identify hair structures, but chemical treatments can damage them.
13 citations
,
June 2021 in “Carcinogenesis” Certain hair straighteners and dyes may increase ovarian cancer risk, especially in African American/Black women.
11 citations
,
January 2000 in “Journal of cosmetic science” Hydrolyzed wheat proteins penetrate all hair types effectively.
8 citations
,
October 2014 in “Journal of analytical toxicology.” Chemical hair straightening significantly reduces detectable drug levels in hair.
8 citations
,
January 1986 in “The Journal of Dermatologic Surgery and Oncology” Hair loss surgeries like grafts, scalp reductions, and flap rotations can be effective for black men with proper technique adjustments.
4 citations
,
July 2016 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Dermatologists should use hair relaxers carefully to avoid hair and scalp damage, following specific guidelines for application and maintenance.
3 citations
,
June 2008 in “Springer eBooks” Hair care products clean, protect, style, color, and change hair structure.
2 citations
,
January 2011 Relaxers straighten African hair by breaking down its helical structure using strong bases.
1 citations
,
March 2005 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Twisting hair weakens it, but strength can be recovered at low twist levels.
September 2015 in “Research Portal (King's College London)” Human hair movement is affected by its inner structure and chemical treatments.
November 2011 in “Informa Healthcare eBooks” Environmental, chemical, mechanical, and personal health factors can all damage hair and contribute to hair loss or changes in hair quality.
March 2005 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” A new method helps understand hair shine and various products improve hair care.
August 2021 in “International Journal of Research in Dermatology” Modern hair straightening improves manageability and strength while maintaining natural waves.
January 2017 in “Clinical approaches and procedures in cosmetic dermatology” Cosmetic procedures can harm hair, but damage can be minimized with knowledge and care; however, once hair is damaged, it cannot be reliably repaired.
Hair loss is common in the studied community, often linked to aging and hair care practices like braids, weaves, and chemical relaxers.
February 2019 in “IP Indian journal of clinical and experimental dermatology” Continuous use of hair relaxers and curlers can cause hair loss, dryness, dandruff, thinning, greying, and split ends.
Frizzy hair is fragile and can lead to hair loss and damage if not properly cared for.
July 2012 in “Hair transplant forum international” Lifestyle choices like stress, smoking, heavy drinking, sun exposure, and chemical hair treatments might speed up hair loss in people with androgenetic alopecia.
June 2007 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Title change to "Central Centrifugal Cicatricial Alopecia (CCCA)"; common in African American women; hair-grooming methods may contribute; no effective therapy found; trials needed.