7 citations
,
August 2018 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Chemical hair straightening improves smoothness and shine but may cause side effects, suggesting a need for safer methods.
1 citations
,
June 2021 in “Preprints.org” Hair relaxers and straighteners can be toxic to skin cells.
September 2025 in “Sahel Journal of Life Sciences FUDMA” Chemical hair straighteners can severely damage hair and scalp with repeated use.
October 2024 in “UNESP Institutional Repository (São Paulo State University)” Straightening and dyeing damage hair structure.
September 2020 in “Benha Journal of Applied Sciences” Protein hair straighteners damage the hair more than hair dyes.
3 citations
,
June 2019 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Lower pH straighteners change hair more but weaken it.
2 citations
,
January 2022 in “Anais brasileiros de dermatologia/Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia” Chemical hair straighteners can cause scalp and hair damage, but long-term effects are unclear.
January 2013 in “프로그램북(구 초록집)” Hair perms or treatments seem safe to use up to 3 to 4 times during pregnancy.
April 2019 in “Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo)” Hair straightening at pH 1.0 improves alignment but weakens hair more than pH 2.0.
43 citations
,
January 2013 in “Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology” The article concludes that advancements in hair cosmetics require dermatologists to stay informed about products and their potential risks, including allergies and higher risks for hairdressers.
13 citations
,
June 2021 in “Carcinogenesis” Certain hair straighteners and dyes may increase ovarian cancer risk, especially in African American/Black women.
13 citations
,
March 2017 in “Skin Research and Technology” Formaldehyde damages curly hair more than glyoxylic acid.
8 citations
,
January 1986 in “The Journal of Dermatologic Surgery and Oncology” Hair loss surgeries like grafts, scalp reductions, and flap rotations can be effective for black men with proper technique adjustments.
6 citations
,
January 2019 in “International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries” Premature greying of hair is common among young people at King Faisal University, especially females, and is linked to health issues, lifestyle, and family history.
4 citations
,
January 2021 in “Skin appendage disorders” Hair straightening can damage hair and pose health risks, including exposure to carcinogens and hair loss.
3 citations
,
January 2019 in “Skin Research and Technology” Frequent use of hair straighteners can cause hair loss similar to scarring alopecia in young Turkish women.
July 2025 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” A new 6-point scale reliably measures heat damage to hair from styling tools.
Hair chemicals don't cause SLE but may increase skin issues in those with SLE.
January 2017 in “Clinical approaches and procedures in cosmetic dermatology” Cosmetic procedures can harm hair, but damage can be minimized with knowledge and care; however, once hair is damaged, it cannot be reliably repaired.
January 2011 in “Yearbook of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery” Hair relaxers are linked to reduced cystine levels and potential hair damage.
June 2024 in “Journal of Clinical Oncology” Frequent use of chemical hair relaxers may increase endometrial cancer risk in Black women.
March 2010 in “Cosmetic Dermatology” Hair straightening methods have advanced to improve effectiveness and reduce damage, but still rely on heat and chemicals.
November 2022 in “Innovation in aging” Older adults in Puerto Rico often couldn't be tested for hair cortisol due to refusal or lack of hair, with race and hair products affecting results.
November 2022 in “International journal of trichology” Glyoxylic acid straighteners cause more protein loss but have similar hair strength effects as traditional alkaline straighteners.
2 citations
,
May 2020 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Using certain hair products may increase breast cancer risk in black women.
December 2023 in “Biblioteca Digital - Universidad Icesi” Chebe offers natural hair care products to prevent hair loss in Afro-Colombian women.
60 citations
,
April 2018 in “Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology” Tight hairstyles and chemical relaxers can cause hair loss known as traction alopecia.
29 citations
,
May 2007 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Hair relaxers can cause lasting scalp damage and hair loss.
July 2018 in “Elsevier eBooks” Stopping tight hairstyles can prevent and reduce traction alopecia.
55 citations
,
March 2007 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Afro-ethnic hair can be straightened using chemical and heat methods.