15 citations
,
January 1993 in “DNA sequence” KRT2.13 gene is similar to KRT2.9 but not expressed in hair follicles.
June 2025 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Keratin-encapsulated liposomes effectively repair and protect UV-damaged hair.
8 citations
,
June 2009 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Human melanocytes in skin and hair follicles don't express keratin 16 or 6 naturally.
25 citations
,
September 1995 in “Biochemistry and Cell Biology” High levels of human keratin 16 in mice cause skin lesions and abnormal skin development.
46 citations
,
November 1998 in “Experimental Cell Research” K15 gene is mainly active in the basal layers of hair follicles and epithelia, aiding early skin cell development.
52 citations
,
April 2012 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” KRTAP2 genes are crucial for hair structure and may impact hair disorders and treatments.
47 citations
,
January 2024 in “iScience” Stress keratins are expressed less in diseased skin and are linked to differentiation, inflammation, and immunity.
84 citations
,
May 2008 in “Biological Chemistry” Human tissue kallikreins help regulate skin barrier functions and affect skin health.
36 citations
,
December 2004 in “British Journal of Dermatology” The cyst had unusual keratin spherules and resembled bone marrow.
32 citations
,
March 1988 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Retinoids can help treat skin disorders by improving the skin's outer layer.
11 citations
,
January 1981 in “Cells Tissues Organs” Human hair cuticle has five cell layers with specific junctions and granules.
December 2023 in “ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering” Keratin can be successfully taken from human hair using a mix of choline chloride and ethanolamine.
Using enzymes to link proteins makes hair repair treatments more effective and long-lasting.
3 citations
,
September 2013 in “Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry” Type II porcine hair keratin supports cell growth but hinders cell differentiation.
26 citations
,
March 1995 in “Differentiation” A rabbit gene important for hair development was identified and detailed.
January 2007 in “The FASEB journal” Human hair keratins help nerve regeneration and support Schwann cell activity.
100 citations
,
November 1997 in “Human Genetics” A new mutation in the hHb1 keratin gene is linked to the hair disorder monilethrix.
January 2024 in “Doria (University of Helsinki)” Keratins help GLUT2 stay on the cell membrane in pancreatic β-cells.
February 1990 in “PubMed” Hair follicle cells and skin cells differ in keratinization and other features.
January 1995 in “Skin Cancer” The outer root sheath in hair follicles changes during growth, with different keratinization processes in its layers.
9 citations
,
April 2019 in “Journal of Structural Biology” Keratin fibers in hair twist left-handed.
8 citations
,
January 2009 in “Transactions of the Materials Research Society of Japan” Water-soluble wool keratin can protect human hair from damage during treatments.
October 2015 in “Cosmetic Dermatology” Hair is complex, varies in type, and plays a big role in attractiveness and culture.
March 2010 in “Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature” Beard hair medulla cells have a unique and varied keratin pattern.
27 citations
,
December 2005 in “Journal of Cutaneous Pathology” The malignant pilomatricoma showed strong epithelial keratin expression, suggesting it may not calcify.
26 citations
,
December 2003 in “Experimental Dermatology” Specific keratin gene mutations can cause monilethrix.
89 citations
,
June 2012 in “Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia” Actinic keratosis can lead to skin cancer, is more common in fair-skinned people, and can be reduced with sunscreen and treated effectively.
92 citations
,
February 2005 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” 44 citations
,
March 2019 in “Experimental Dermatology” A wide range of proteins are integrated into the skin's protective layer.
February 2020 in “Definitions” Mutations in the KRT16 gene can cause skin and nail disorders.