49 citations
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April 1997 in “Human reproduction” Hormone therapy for excessive hair growth is as good with GnRHa as with high-dose CPA, but GnRHa has longer-lasting results.
30 citations
,
July 2009 in “Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes” Cyproterone acetate effectively treats sexual disorders by reducing sexual functions and is generally well-tolerated.
September 2024 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” High doses of testosterone disrupt hormone levels and receptor expression in the uterus, affecting fertility.
August 2017 in “Journal of epidemiological research” Cancer rates are increasing in developed countries, with estrogen, aging, low vitamin D3, and HPV infection as common causes.
4 citations
,
May 2025 in “Open Access Journal of Contraception” Low-dose ethinyl estradiol and LNG-IUD are safer contraception options for obese women with PCOS.
36 citations
,
July 1980 in “Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health” High doses of ethynylestradiol in rats caused growth issues, organ changes, and some tumors, but didn't increase overall tumor rates.
22 citations
,
January 2002 in “Treatments in endocrinology” Birth control pills help treat skin and hair growth problems linked to high male hormone levels.
88 citations
,
June 2016 in “Human Reproduction Update” New hormonal contraceptives are safer, have fewer side effects, and offer health benefits for women.
34 citations
,
November 2017 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” A transwoman developed a brain tumor after nine years of hormone therapy, suggesting a possible link between the treatment and tumor development.
September 2022 in “Annals of medicine and surgery” Three siblings with a rare genetic condition had abnormal sexual development and chose different gender identities, needing surgery and therapy.
57 citations
,
January 1995 in “The American journal of medicine” Oral contraceptives help treat hyperandrogenic disorders, improving symptoms like excessive hair and acne.
February 2026 in “Molecular Imaging and Radionuclide Therapy” High-dose radioactive iodine therapy does not harm fertility in thyroidectomy patients.
51 citations
,
October 2002 in “European journal of endocrinology” Low-dose finasteride effectively treats hirsutism, is safe, and cost-effective.
59 citations
,
February 2021 in “BMJ” High doses of cyproterone acetate increase the risk of brain tumors in women, but the risk decreases after stopping the medication.
113 citations
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April 1999 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Cyproterone acetate-estrogen most effective for hirsutism, but consider side effects and patient needs.
23 citations
,
April 1999 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” All treatments reduce hair growth; low dose flutamide most effective with fewer side effects.
17 citations
,
March 2016 in “Liver international” Men with advanced liver disease and high oestrone and low testosterone levels have worse health outcomes.
December 2024 in “Frontiers in Neurology” Testosterone with finasteride improved muscle and bone health in men with spinal cord injury.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A 12-year-old boy with PAIS successfully developed male characteristics using high-dose testosterone and anastrozole.
40 citations
,
August 2006 in “Current Drug Safety” Some drugs can cause hair loss, excessive growth, or color changes, often reversible but sometimes permanent.
January 2022 in “Medical research archives” Taking vitamin D might improve life for MS patients and reduce skin side effects from alemtuzumab treatment.
6 citations
,
September 2005 in “Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy” Androgen therapy can help with symptoms like low libido in women, but more research is needed to understand its long-term safety and effects on health.
4 citations
,
March 2013 in “Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment” A woman with anorexia and Cushing's syndrome improved after tumor removal, highlighting the need to consider hormonal issues in psychiatric conditions.
April 2024 in “JCEM case reports” A man's breast enlargement from low-dose finasteride for hair loss didn't go away, even with treatment, and might be more common than reported.
29 citations
,
July 2012 in “Fertility and Sterility” Low and ultralow doses of flutamide can cause liver damage in young women with high androgen levels, regardless of dose or birth control use, with higher risk for those with higher BMI and liver enzyme levels before treatment.
January 2025 in “HORMONES” Gender-affirming hormone treatments need better patient-focused outcome measurements and standardized data collection.
1 citations
,
November 2011 in “Open access journal of contraception” Birth control pills with low-dose estrogen and antiandrogenic progestins can effectively treat acne.
January 2025 in “Biomedicines” High testosterone levels can harm fertility by disrupting the LIF signaling pathway in the uterus.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Estrogen deficiency can reduce the enzyme activity needed to activate vitamin D.
9 citations
,
August 1952 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” A 17-year-old female with adrenogenital syndrome produces very high levels of androgens, which prevent complete feminization despite high estrogen doses.