January 2026 in “Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine” Regulatory T cells and mesenchymal stem cells work together to prevent immune system overreactions and tissue damage.
50 citations
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May 2021 in “Frontiers in immunology” Certain immune cells contribute to skin autoimmune diseases, and some treatments can reverse hair loss in these conditions.
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Lymphocytes, a type of immune cell, are crucial for wound healing as they help remodel damaged areas and reduce inflammation.
134 citations
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July 2020 in “Experimental dermatology” Hair follicles are normally protected from the immune system, but when this protection fails, it can cause hair loss in alopecia areata.
7 citations
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March 2025 in “Cytotechnology”
8 citations
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January 2007 in “International journal of experimental pathology” Hairless HRS/J mice resist Bacillus anthracis skin infections due to high numbers of immune cells, not because they lack hair follicles.
January 2019 in “University of Liverpool” Equine eosinophilic granuloma is the most common skin disease in horses, while mast cell tumors are less common and differ in their cellular makeup.
150 citations
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August 1992 in “Genes & Development” TNF alpha in skin cells causes weight loss, hair and fat issues, and skin inflammation in mice.
53 citations
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September 2011 Other common signs, not just the well-known immune cells around hair bulbs, are important for diagnosing hair loss from alopecia areata.
September 2016 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Plasmacytoid dendritic cells, which overproduce IFN-α, may play a crucial role in starting alopecia areata, an autoimmune disease causing hair loss.
5 citations
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June 2022 in “Frontiers in immunology” Increasing Treg cells in the skin does not cure hair loss from alopecia areata in mice.
7 citations
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December 2016 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” NKG2D+CD4+ T cells are higher in alopecia areata patients and may be involved in the disease.
24 citations
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May 2021 in “Nature Communications” Cavity macrophages gather on organ surfaces but don't really invade or help repair the organs after injury.
60 citations
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September 2023 in “Science” BTNL proteins help control inflammatory bowel disease by maintaining specific immune cells.
238 citations
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March 2013 in “Development” Fat cells help recruit healing cells and build skin structure during wound healing.
9 citations
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March 2022 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cells are important for immunity and tolerance, affect hair growth and wound healing, and their dysfunction can contribute to obesity-related diseases and other health issues.
1 citations
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February 2009 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Lipase H is important for hair follicle function and shaping hair fibers.
47 citations
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December 2011 in “Experimental Dermatology” CGRP may help protect hair follicles from immune system attacks, potentially slowing hair loss.
April 2023 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” T cells with memory features grow in number and gather around hair follicles when there are not enough immune cells.
1 citations
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January 1979 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Cyproterone acetate effectively treats hirsutism and related conditions.
1 citations
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May 2016 in “The Veterinary Journal” Glucocorticoids affect dogs' skin reactions to histamine, which vary by time of day.
28 citations
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August 2003 in “Steroids” Hirsute women have lower type 2 17β-HSD enzyme levels, which improve with treatment.
57 citations
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May 1980 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Langerhans cells are crucial for skin immunity and allergic reactions.
April 2017 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” HSD11b1 affects skin nerves and increases non-histaminergic itch.
3 citations
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July 2017 in “Endogenous locus-driven H-Ras G12V expression induces senescence-like phenotype in primary fibroblasts of the Costello syndrome mouse model” Mouse hair follicle stem cells have a flexible chromatin state that supports skin health and hair growth.
January 2019 in “Social Science Research Network” Hair follicle stem cells prevent melanocyte stem cells from differentiating by controlling retinoic acid levels.
July 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” γδ T cells can prevent and treat alopecia areata, offering a new therapy option.
12 citations
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January 1999 in “Journal of Animal Science” Glucocorticoids and thyroid hormones together are essential for fetal fat development.
6 citations
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December 2021 in “Scientific Reports” Inhibiting class I HDACs helps maintain hair growth ability in skin cells.
April 2016 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” M2 macrophages help hair regrowth in wounds by making growth factors.