Hirsutism is excessive male-pattern hair growth in women, often treated cosmetically or with hormone therapy if contraception is also desired.
41 citations
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July 2001 in “PubMed” Estrogens can reduce DHT production in hair follicles, but are less effective than finasteride and progesterone.
22 citations
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January 2001 in “Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin” Some new progesterone derivatives are better at blocking testosterone conversion than a common drug.
January 2022 in “Current Enzyme Inhibition” New nonsteroidal molecules can potentially increase dihydrotestosterone in neurons by blocking certain enzymes, without affecting prostate and seminal vesicle weight.
April 2023 in “American Journal of Transplantation” Hormone replacement therapy may lower the risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes in non-immunosuppressed people and male organ transplant recipients.
1 citations
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October 2002 in “The Journal of Urology” Knee laxity varies with menstrual cycle phases, being highest during ovulation and menstruation, and is influenced by sex-steroids.
29 citations
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February 2017 in “International Journal of Women's Dermatology” Women with excessive male-pattern hair growth should get a full hormone check-up to find and treat any underlying issues, considering both medical and emotional aspects.
September 2023 in “Repository of the University of Primorsk (University of Primorska)” Following national healthy eating guidelines can help reduce risks from gender-affirming hormone therapy.
135 citations
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March 1984 in “Fertility and sterility” Higher levels of unbound testosterone are linked to increased insulin resistance, especially in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
April 2020 in “The FASEB Journal” Testosterone increases heart and blood pressure issues in rats with endotoxemia, and stopping testosterone production can reduce these problems.
April 2019 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) increases oil production in skin cells by activating mTOR, and mTOR inhibitors can reduce this effect.
September 1978 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry/Journal of Steroid Biochemistry”
22 citations
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November 2011 in “Journal of Analytical Toxicology” Scientists have developed a new method to detect steroid abuse in athletes using cell-based tests, which could be the future of anti-doping methods.
4 citations
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March 2024 in “Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism” Interval training is better for heart and metabolic health in reproductive-aged females than regular moderate exercise.
62 citations
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August 2014 in “BMC Endocrine Disorders” New findings explain how genetic changes, body clocks, and certain molecules affect tissue response to stress hormones.
January 2007 in “UKnowledge (University of Kentucky)” Steers with winter hair coats and reduced sweating struggled with heat, leading to less grazing and poor performance.
8 citations
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April 2022 in “Trends in cancer” Hormone therapy affects cancer risks in transgender individuals differently than in cisgender people, and more research is needed to understand these risks and improve cancer screening guidelines.
August 2025 in “OPAL (Open@LaTrobe) (La Trobe University)” Certain hydroxycinnamate derivatives may effectively inhibit enzymes linked to hair loss with low toxicity.
15 citations
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January 2002 in “Gynecological endocrinology” Hormones affect skin aging and fat distribution, and treatments can help, but only minoxidil is proven for female hair loss.
May 2008 in “Trends in Urology Gynaecology & Sexual Health” Loop diuretics may double bone loss in elderly men, finasteride lowers prostate cancer risk but may increase high-grade tumors, abarelix reduces testosterone quickly, and transdermal testosterone offers minimal sexual benefit for women.
88 citations
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June 2016 in “Human Reproduction Update” New hormonal contraceptives are safer, have fewer side effects, and offer health benefits for women.
31 citations
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March 2015 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Neuroactive steroids could become safe, effective treatments with more understanding of their complex brain actions and metabolism.
November 2022 in “Scientific Reports” Certain ESR1 gene variations may affect hormone levels and fat distribution in women with high male hormone levels.
42 citations
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May 2007 in “Endocrinology and metabolism/American journal of physiology: endocrinology and metabolism” Testosterone can build muscle and bone without enlarging the prostate when a specific enzyme is blocked.
1 citations
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July 2011 in “Climacteric” Long-term estrogen therapy in postmenopausal women can improve certain health markers, hair loss is common regardless of hormone use, stopping estrogen doesn't increase breast cancer risk, smoking does, and a balanced BMI is linked to lower mortality.
February 2024 in “Brain research bulletin” Blocking androgen activity in newborn rats affects body weight and appetite-related hormones differently in males and females.
September 2019 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” Hormonal contraception can improve acne and excess hair growth, enhancing women's quality of life.
February 2014 in “Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca (Universita Degli Studi Di Milano)” Testosterone metabolites may help relieve diabetic nerve pain.
45 citations
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March 2015 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy is generally safe for transmen, improves sexual function, and has manageable health risks with proper monitoring.