36 citations
,
June 2016 in “Journal of dermatological treatment” The combination therapy significantly improved Riehl’s melanosis in patients without serious side effects.
46 citations
,
April 2020 in “Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” Hydroquinone may harm skin, while kojic acid and aloe vera could reduce its negative effects.
20 citations
,
December 2006 in “Archives of dermatology” January 2023 in “Indian journal of pharmacy practice” Over-the-counter cosmetic creams can cause skin damage on the face that is visible under dermoscopy and confirmed by tissue analysis.
10 citations
,
January 1967 in “PubMed” Oral contraceptives often cause melasma and other skin issues.
August 1998 in “Dermatologic Surgery” Use steroid creams without parabens and educate on hair transplant techniques to improve cosmetic surgery outcomes.
31 citations
,
February 1999 in “Dermatologic surgery” Sun exposure after laser hair removal can cause skin darkening, which is hard to treat and requires avoiding UV light.
12 citations
,
January 2021 in “Dermatology Research and Practice” The 1927 nm Thulium laser effectively and safely treats postinflammatory hyperpigmentation in darker skin tones.
7 citations
,
April 2011 in “Expert review of dermatology” The document concludes that patients with skin of color need specialized dermatological care and education to manage unique skin conditions effectively.
15 citations
,
December 2016 in “Obstetrics & Gynecology” Most skin changes during pregnancy are harmless and moles don't significantly change, but many women experience pigmentation changes due to hormones and sun exposure.
10 citations
,
June 2011 in “PubMed” Most skin care products are safe during pregnancy, but avoid hydroquinone and tretinoin.
5 citations
,
August 2014 in “Dermatologic surgery” Advanced fluorescence technology effectively treats skin discoloration from certain creams.
March 2025 in “JDDG Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft” Facial hyperpigmentation improved with oral isotretinoin and ivermectin cream after Demodex mites were identified as the cause.
38 citations
,
August 2015 in “Drug Design Development and Therapy” Topical flutamide works as well as hydroquinone for melasma but needs more safety checks.
January 2024 in “Dermatology Review” Combining PRP with hydroquinone is more effective for treating melasma than using hydroquinone alone.
5 citations
,
July 2006 in “Contact dermatitis” Ammonium bisulfite in hair bleach can cause facial eczema.
1 citations
,
April 2023 in “African Scientific Reports” Natural compounds can lighten skin by reducing melanin.
October 2019 in “International journal of research in dermatology” Misusing topical corticosteroids can cause skin darkening and other side effects.
21 citations
,
July 2017 in “Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy” Vesicular carriers like liposomes may improve cosmetic skin treatment delivery and effectiveness but need more human research.
Tailored nonsurgical cosmetic procedures are crucial for safely treating diverse skin types, especially skin of color.
February 2009 in “Springer eBooks” Hyperpigmentation is common in pregnancy and may not fully fade after birth; melasma, also frequent, can persist but has limited treatment options during pregnancy.
10 citations
,
May 2016 in “Polymer” New nanocarriers improve skin drug delivery with low toxicity at certain concentrations.
1 citations
,
January 2015 in “Journal of Pigmentary Disorders” Treating melasma in men is difficult, especially for the deeper skin layers, and may need more than just topical treatments.
1 citations
,
January 2013 in “Springer eBooks” Cosmeceuticals may benefit skin health but need more research for efficacy and safety confirmation.
August 2025 in “Annals of Medicine” Mycophenolate mofetil may safely help restore skin color in depigmentation conditions.
4 citations
,
January 2022 in “Current pharmaceutical design” Microsponges delivery system is a safe, versatile method for controlled drug release in various treatments.
September 1998 in “JEADV. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology/Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” The document concludes that individualized treatments for hair issues are effective, certain hair changes can indicate neurocutaneous diseases, specific lotions improve skin health, laser hair removal works but needs more study on long-term effects, men's cosmetics are diverse, peeling is effective but can have side effects, and facial pigmentation is often due to overactive skin cells.
15 citations
,
December 2016 in “Advanced Pharmaceutical Bulletin” The new cream with N-acetyl glucosamine didn't change skin color after 8 weeks.
1 citations
,
August 2024 in “Cosmetics” Melasma treatment is difficult, but combination therapies and personalized plans show promise.
4 citations
,
December 2023 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology” Topical metformin effectively treats melasma with minimal side effects.