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Testosterone treatment for older men can have short-term benefits, but long-term risks are unclear, requiring careful evaluation and monitoring.

Men with early balding often have hormone levels similar to women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Antiandrogen drugs can reduce PSA levels in women with excess hair, suggesting PSA is a sign of male hormone activity in women.

About 2.2% of women with symptoms of high male hormones have a mild form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia, and measuring a specific hormone level can accurately diagnose it.

Accurate testosterone measurement and standardized lab practices are crucial for diagnosing and managing adult male hypogonadism.

Hormonal treatments can help with hair loss, acne, and excess hair growth, but it takes 3-6 months to see results and patients should know the possible side effects.

New genes and pathways are important for testosterone production and male sexual development.

Acne in adult women may occur alone or with signs of high male hormones.

Men with a certain type of hair loss (vertex type AGA) may have higher levels of bad fats (triglycerides) and lower levels of good cholesterol (HDL), suggesting they could be at risk for high fat levels in the blood (hyperlipidemia).

5α-reductase deficiency can cause ambiguous genitalia and gender dysphoria, treatable with testosterone.