37 citations
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May 2018 in “Transgender health” Oral estradiol works for many transgender women but needs personalized dosing and monitoring.
2 citations
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November 2024 in “JCEM Case Reports” Inhaled substances in e-cigarettes can cause hormone imbalances similar to congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
11 citations
,
April 2017 in “The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care” Cyproterone acetate with ethinyl estradiol is effective for treating skin symptoms related to high androgen levels, like in PCOS.
December 2015 in “Kosin Medical Journal” PCOS treatment should address both symptoms and metabolic risks, starting with lifestyle changes and possibly including medication.
May 2020 in “International Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology” The combined therapy improved symptoms in PCOS patients.
18 citations
,
December 2014 in “Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America” Losing 5-10% body weight can improve PCOS symptoms, letrozole is better than clomiphene for fertility, and managing weight and blood sugar is important to reduce pregnancy complications.
7 citations
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August 2023 in “EClinicalMedicine” Anti-androgens can help manage some PCOS symptoms better than metformin but are not more effective than placebos or birth control pills for other symptoms.
17 citations
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November 2000 in “Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association” The document concludes that low-dose oral contraceptives and hormonal therapies can manage perimenopause symptoms and reduce some health risks, but lifestyle changes and disease screening are also important.
July 2019 in “International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology” Obesity greatly affects polycystic ovarian syndrome, and losing weight should be the first treatment for obese patients to improve their chances of ovulation and pregnancy.
119 citations
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November 2009 in “Human Reproduction” Women with PCOS and higher androgen levels are more likely to have fatty liver disease.
1 citations
,
November 2007 in “Neuro-chirurgie/Neurochirurgie” Cyproterone acetate is a safe treatment that causes modest feminization in transgender female adolescents, and works better with added estrogens.
27 citations
,
May 1976 in “PubMed” Ovarian wedge resection helped regulate menstrual cycles but didn't significantly change hormone levels or hair growth in polycystic ovary syndrome.
9 citations
,
April 2018 in “Biology of reproduction” Diet changes hormone levels in pregnant ewes by affecting metabolism, not placental synthesis.
August 2015 in “Postgraduate obstetrics & gynecology” Women with PCOS often have metabolic issues like insulin resistance and a higher risk of diabetes and abnormal lipid levels.
February 2024 in “Endocrinology and Disorders” Balanced hormones are crucial for women's health, and can be managed with lifestyle changes or hormone therapy if needed.
13 citations
,
June 2018 in “Journal of Womens Health” Combination therapy with oral contraceptives and spironolactone improves hair growth, menstrual issues, and acne in women with PCOS.
August 2025 in “International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences” Higher levels of DHEA and TNF-α are linked to PCOS symptoms.
10 citations
,
May 2009 in “Cases Journal” A woman's masculine symptoms were caused by an ovarian tumor, which improved after surgery.
81 citations
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May 2007 in “Fertility and Sterility” Testosterone therapy seems safe for postmenopausal women for a few years, but more research is needed for long-term effects.
19 citations
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June 2021 in “The world journal of men's health” Using anabolic-androgenic steroids can harm men's reproductive health and increase the risk of heart problems and death.
July 2015 in “Cambridge University Press eBooks” Androgens like testosterone affect skin health and can lead to conditions such as acne and hair loss, with various treatments available.
20 citations
,
July 1990 in “Clinical and experimental dermatology” Taking cyproterone acetate and ethinyl oestradiol for hair loss can lower vitamin B12 levels in women.
December 2025 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” Anti-androgens help manage PCOS symptoms like excess hair and acne.
32 citations
,
November 1996 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Antiandrogens can help treat skin conditions like acne and excessive hair in women when used carefully.
3 citations
,
January 2020 in “Indian Dermatology Online Journal” Skin problems in patients with polycystic ovarian disease are linked to body weight, blood sugar, and hormone levels.
45 citations
,
February 2012 Obese women with PCOS are more likely to have fatty liver disease.
The case showed the need for quick investigation of virilization in women and how emotional health is linked to physical health.
12 citations
,
December 2005 in “PubMed” Some men with early hair loss may have similar hormonal changes to women with Polycystic ovary syndrome, and could be at risk for developing type 2 diabetes.
164 citations
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January 2003 in “Drugs”
2 citations
,
April 2019 in “Journal of Internal Medicine” Men using steroids or finasteride to look more attractive may harm their fertility and sexual function, creating a paradox where they seem fit but may be less able to reproduce.