January 2026 in “Scientific Reports” PCOS involves immune and genetic factors, with key roles for T cells and specific genes.
24 citations
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January 1985 in “Dermatology” Higher levels of certain immune cells in hair follicles may contribute to alopecia areata.
2 citations
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November 2007 in “Clinics in dermatology” Tofacitinib may be an effective and safe treatment for adolescent alopecia areata.
15 citations
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December 2015 in “PLoS ONE” Fibroblasts can be mistaken for neural cells, so functional validation is needed.
1 citations
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May 2023 in “The Journal of Immunology” CD4 T cells can cause alopecia areata by activating CD8 T cells to attack hair follicles.
November 2022 in “Annals of Translational Medicine” Immune activities and specific genes are important in male pattern baldness.
2 citations
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December 2011 in “[Thesis]. Manchester, UK: The University of Manchester; 2011.” Immune system failure in hair follicles causes lichen planopilaris, leading to hair loss.
61 citations
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September 2010 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Stress hormones and autoimmune reactions can cause hair loss.
July 2024 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”
7 citations
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September 2021 in “Dermatology and Therapy” Vaccination is crucial for psoriasis patients on immunosuppressive therapy to manage COVID-19 risks.
65 citations
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December 2015 in “Experimental dermatology” Corticosteroid treatment reduces inflammation and alters hair keratins in alopecia areata.
23 citations
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January 2016 in “Frontiers in immunology” Using low-dose IL-2 to increase regulatory T cells might be a safe way to treat type 1 diabetes without severe side effects.
22 citations
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June 2013 in “Australasian Journal of Dermatology” Early stage bald spots are linked to skin inflammation and damage to the upper part of the hair follicle.
3 citations
,
January 1984
July 2025 in “Frontiers in Medicine” Topical immunotherapy can help with severe hair loss, but results vary and need personalized, long-term treatment.
Alopecia areata patients show increased inflammation and OX40 activation, suggesting a new treatment target.
November 2022 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Mitochondrial stress can lead to atopic dermatitis.
24 citations
,
March 2022 in “Genome biology” scINSIGHT accurately identifies cell clusters and gene patterns in complex data.
1 citations
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August 2021 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” ASLAN004 was safe and well-tolerated, supporting further development for treating certain diseases.
January 2010 in “Journal of Animal Science” Transcutaneous vaccination using nanoparticles can enhance immune responses and reduce basal cell carcinomas.
13 citations
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August 1991 in “The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association” Inflammation may play a role in causing androgenetic alopecia.
51 citations
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May 1984 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Benign follicular mucinosis involves immune cells attacking hair follicles.
May 2026 in “International Journal of Homoeopathic Sciences” Individualized Homeopathic Medicine shows promise for treating alopecia with lasting hair regrowth.
5 citations
,
February 2022 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Different immune cells like platelets, mast cells, neutrophils, macrophages, T cells, B cells, and innate lymphoid cells all play roles in skin wound healing, but more research is needed due to inconsistent results and the complex nature of the immune response.
September 2025 in “Diseases” Higher levels of certain proteins in the blood are linked to more severe patchy alopecia areata.
13 citations
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August 2017 in “Journal of Cellular Physiology” PD‐L1 and PD‐L2 may not effectively control immune activation in alopecia areata.
133 citations
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January 2009 in “Nature” Lgr5 and the vitamin D receptor are key in controlling skin inflammation and tumor risk in mice.
39 citations
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April 2019 in “The journal of immunology/The Journal of immunology” Malt1 protease is essential for regulatory T cell function and could be targeted to boost antitumor immunity.
134 citations
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July 2020 in “Experimental dermatology” Hair follicles are normally protected from the immune system, but when this protection fails, it can cause hair loss in alopecia areata.
April 2019 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Blocking LFA-1 prevents hair loss in mice.