September 2016 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Hair follicles produce IL-7, which is essential for certain skin lymphoma cells to survive.
IL-18 signaling helps mature Tregs move into the thymus.
November 2024 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” November 2025 in “The Journal of Immunology” A humanized IL-2 fusion protein boosts T regulatory cells and helps control hair loss in Alopecia Areata.
5 citations
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August 2021 in “Experimental dermatology” Overexpressing Merkel cell virus proteins in human hair follicles can create clusters of cells that resemble Merkel cell cancer.
32 citations
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August 2016 in “Science Signaling” Alopecia areata patients show unique protein activity patterns, suggesting imbalanced signaling pathways.
September 2025 in “Cell Reports” Skin stretching can improve vaccine delivery through hair follicles and boost immune response.
44 citations
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January 1984 in “Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry”
April 2021 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” People with atopic dermatitis have more CD4+ T cells that respond to a certain bacterial lipid, which may play a role in the skin condition's inflammation.
June 2024 in “British Journal of Dermatology” A rare case of a transplant patient developing a skin condition linked to HPV-49.
2 citations
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February 2025 Merkel cell polyomavirus can infect and persist in skin cells, evading the immune system, but certain treatments can control it.
1 citations
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October 2025 in “Nano Research” A new microneedle patch effectively treats atopic dermatitis by reducing skin stress and restoring immune balance.
January 2015 in “ScholarlyCommons (University of Pennsylvania)” IL-19 and IL-24 help cells respond to DNA damage and could be targeted for cancer and age-related disease treatments.
CD28 is a promising target for treating alopecia areata with belatacept.
CD28 is a promising target for treating alopecia areata with belatacept.
65 citations
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June 2020 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy” Certain immune system proteins are important for skin healing but can cause problems if there are too many of them.
7 citations
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December 2016 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” NKG2D+CD4+ T cells are higher in alopecia areata patients and may be involved in the disease.
Keratinocytes can reduce the survival of certain melanoma cells, suggesting new therapy paths.
38 citations
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March 2015 in “Journal of controlled release” IMSG nanoparticles improve vaccine delivery and immune response through hair follicles.
328 citations
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November 2020 in “Nature Materials” Hydrogel scaffolds can help wounds heal better and grow hair.
87 citations
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December 2016 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” Cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors may develop alopecia, but some hair regrowth is possible with treatment.
13 citations
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August 2017 in “Journal of Cellular Physiology” PD‐L1 and PD‐L2 may not effectively control immune activation in alopecia areata.
28 citations
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April 2009 in “Annals of laboratory medicine” The dense fine speckled pattern in ANA tests is common in autoimmune diseases, challenging previous beliefs that it was unrelated.
4 citations
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July 2025 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Early intervention with JAK inhibitors may prevent alopecia areata progression.
144 citations
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November 2020 in “Frontiers in immunology” Targeting the IL-23/IL-17 pathway effectively treats several inflammatory skin diseases.
2 citations
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October 2022 in “Current Dermatology Reports” People on immune-modifying skin disease treatments may have a weaker antibody response to COVID-19 vaccines but often improve after the second dose.
January 2012 in “Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne)” Human thymus has stem cells that can self-renew and maintain their identity.
September 2024 in “Archives of Medical Science” Alopecia areata is linked to immune system differences, with specific biomarkers like CXCL9 and CXCL10 being key for diagnosis and potential treatment targets.
120 citations
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August 2008 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Cytokeratin 19 and cytokeratin 15 are key markers for monitoring the quality and self-renewing potential of engineered skin.
June 2020 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Atopic dermatitis shows a link between skin layers in inflammation, detectable with detailed gene analysis.