September 2022 in “Dermatology and therapy” Contact immunotherapy might help treat various skin conditions, but more research is needed to confirm its safety and effectiveness.
24 citations
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March 2018 in “Experimental Dermatology” Treg dysfunction is linked to various autoimmune skin diseases, and understanding Treg properties is key for new treatments.
November 2025 in “JEADV Clinical Practice” Leflunomide may lower alopecia areata risk, while other immunomodulators might increase it.
18 citations
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August 2024 in “eLife” JAK inhibition may help manage autoimmune conditions in Down syndrome.
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October 2024 in “Cancers” Skin side effects from melanoma immunotherapy are common and may indicate better survival.
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November 2000 in “PubMed” Combining cytostatic and steroid drugs effectively treats systemic lupus erythematosus.
March 2017 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)” Antioxidants helped reduce prednisolone dosage and improved hair growth in alopecia areata patients.
4 citations
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June 2025 in “Frontiers in Immunology” BAFF-targeted therapies can reduce autoimmune disease activity, but more research is needed for precise treatments.
5 citations
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June 2019 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Tofacitinib was more effective than apremilast in treating hair loss in a mouse model of alopecia areata.
July 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Leflunomide may reduce the risk of alopecia areata, while methotrexate, cyclosporine, and rituximab may increase it.
April 2023 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Psoriasis patients on biologic therapy have a weaker immune response to COVID-19 vaccination than healthy people.
March 2010 in “Anti-inflammatory & anti-allergy agents in medicinal chemistry” Biologic agents can be effective for rheumatic diseases but have risks like infections and require careful monitoring and patient information.
12 citations
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August 2020 in “JEADV. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology/Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Azathioprine is the most continued treatment for chronic alopecia areata over a year, often with added low-dose prednisolone.
14 citations
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March 2017 in “Genes and immunity” Certain microRNAs may help treat alopecia areata by targeting immune pathways.
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November 1996 in “Transplantation” Injecting recipient splenocytes into donors' thymus can prevent graft-versus-host disease.
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July 2022 in “The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences” FTY720 helps transplanted fat survive better by reducing immune rejection and improving blood vessel growth.
125 citations
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September 2019 in “Journal of Clinical Immunology” Foxp3 is crucial for regulatory T cell function, and targeting these cells may help treat immune disorders.
3 citations
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February 2022 in “Rheumatology” Baricitinib was effective in treating a patient with dermatomyositis and hair loss.
4 citations
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July 2008 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” Poor response to topical immunotherapy in alopecia areata patients is linked to impaired cell responses.
June 2006 in “Almustansiriya journal of pharmaceutical sciences/Al-Mustansiriyah journal of pharmaceutical sciences” Melatonin may help reduce the needed dose of prednisolone and improve hair growth in alopecia areata patients.
131 citations
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November 2010 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Cyclosporine is effective for skin conditions but has declined in use due to toxicity concerns.
May 2023 in “The Journal of Immunology” Expanding CD4+ Tregs can stop hair loss in alopecia areata.
12 citations
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June 2016 in “Clinical and Molecular Hepatology” Mycophenolate mofetil can effectively treat autoimmune hepatitis when standard drugs fail.
67 citations
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January 2020 in “Cellular & Molecular Immunology/Cellular & molecular immunology” Tissue-resident memory T cells can protect against infections and cancer but may also contribute to autoimmune diseases.
July 2025 in “Dermatology Reports” Mesenchymal stem cell therapy shows promise for treating certain inflammatory skin diseases, but more research is needed.
39 citations
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April 2019 in “The journal of immunology/The Journal of immunology” Malt1 protease is essential for regulatory T cell function and could be targeted to boost antitumor immunity.
45 citations
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March 1998 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Majocchi's granuloma can occur in kidney transplant patients on tacrolimus and can be treated with antifungal medication.
May 2024 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Type-2 immunity may influence skin diseases and could be targeted for treatment.
3 citations
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July 2024 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” Oral ritlecitinib and baricitinib are promising treatments for severe alopecia areata due to their balance of effectiveness and safety.
February 2026 in “ImmunoTargets and Therapy” Tumor immunotherapy can cause hair loss by disrupting hair follicle immunity.