research Digit-length ratios (2D:4D) as a phenotypic indicator of in utero androgen exposure is not prognostic for androgenic alopecia: a descriptive-analytic study of 1200 Iranian men
Finger length ratios don't predict baldness in men.
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research Effects of in Utero Exposure to Finasteride on Androgen-Dependent Reproductive Development in the Male Rat
Exposure to finasteride in the womb caused lasting reproductive issues in male rats.
research Low‐dose in utero exposure to finasteride promotes developmental changes in both male and female gerbil prostates
Exposure to low doses of finasteride in the womb causes changes in the prostate of both male and female gerbils.
research Effects of In Utero</i> Exposure to D-004, a Lipid Extract from Roystonea regia Fruits, in the Male Rat: A Comparison with Finasteride
D-004 may be a natural alternative to finasteride for treating enlarged prostate and male baldness.
research Sex hormones and related compounds, including hormonal contraceptives
Exposure to certain sex hormones can increase health risks, while some hormone therapies may offer benefits for specific conditions.
research Maternal androgen excess inhibits fetal cardiomyocytes proliferation through RB-mediated cell cycle arrest and induces cardiac hypertrophy in adulthood
Excess maternal androgens can cause heart problems in offspring.
research Polycystic ovary syndrome is associated with anogenital distance, a marker of prenatal androgen exposure
Women with polycystic ovary syndrome tend to have a longer anogenital distance.
research Effects of the prenatal and postnatal nurturing environment on the phenotype and gut microbiota of mice with polycystic ovary syndrome induced by prenatal androgen exposure: a cross-fostering study
Prenatal and postnatal environments both affect PCOS development and gut microbiota in mice.
research Mixed “Antiandrogenic” Chemicals at Low Individual Doses Produce Reproductive Tract Malformations in the Male Rat
Low doses of mixed chemicals cause permanent reproductive malformations in male rats.
research Pregnancy and neonatal outcome with maternal exposure to finasteride: Case series
Exposure to the hair loss drug finasteride during pregnancy can cause genital anomalies in male babies, but not in female babies. It's best to avoid this drug in women who could potentially become pregnant.
research Presence of polycystic ovary syndrome is associated with longer anogenital distance in adult Mediterranean women
Women with polycystic ovary syndrome tend to have a longer distance between the clitoris and anus.
research Digit ratio 2D:4D is a possible indicator for androgenetic alopecia in males
Finger length ratio may indicate male hair loss.
research Fetal Programming of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome by Androgen Excess: Evidence from Experimental, Clinical, and Genetic Association Studies
Exposure to too much androgen before birth might cause polycystic ovary syndrome later in life.
research Premature Adrenarche
Early adrenal gland maturation in young children can be normal, but other serious conditions should be ruled out first.
research External genitalia abnormalities in male rats exposed in utero to finasteride, a 5α-reductase inhibitor
Finasteride exposure in pregnancy causes genital abnormalities in male rats.
research Molecular epidemiology of hypospadias: Review of genetic and environmental risk factors
Both genes and environmental factors like chemicals may contribute to the increase in hypospadias, but the exact causes are still unclear.
research Consequences of steroid-5α-reductase deficiency and inhibition in vertebrates
Lack or blocking of SRD5a, a key component in hormone creation, can lead to conditions like pseudohermaphrodism and affect hair growth, bone mass, muscle strength, and reproductive health. More research is needed on its regulation from fertilization to adulthood.
research Definitions, prevalence and symptoms of polycystic ovaries and polycystic ovary syndrome
Polycystic ovaries are defined by having 12 or more small follicles in each ovary and are found in up to 33% of women, while Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is the most common hormone disorder in women of reproductive age, potentially increasing risk of obesity, diabetes, and heart diseases.
research Adult polycystic ovary syndrome begins in childhood
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome likely starts in childhood and may be genetic and influenced by early hormone exposure.
research Animal Models and the Developmental Origins of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Increasing Evidence for the Role of Androgens in Programming Reproductive and Metabolic Dysfunction
High levels of androgens during early development may cause PCOS-like symptoms.
research Maternal androgen excess induces cardiac hypertrophy and left ventricular dysfunction in female mice offspring
High levels of male hormones in pregnant mice cause heart enlargement and poor heart function in their female babies.
research No Evidence that 2D:4D is Related to the Number of CAG Repeats in the Androgen Receptor Gene
Finger length ratios are not linked to the number of specific gene repeats affecting testosterone sensitivity.
research Maternal androgen excess significantly impairs sexual behavior in male and female mouse offspring: Perspective for a biological origin of sexual dysfunction in PCOS
Too much male hormone in mothers can negatively affect the sexual behavior of both male and female baby mice.
research Are 2D:4D finger-length ratios an indicator of androgenetic alopecia in males?
Right hand finger ratio may predict male hair loss.
research Development of polycystic ovary syndrome: involvement of genetic and environmental factors
PCOS is caused by both genetics and environmental factors like diet and obesity.
research Early breast development in girls after prenatal exposure to non‐persistent pesticides
Prenatal pesticide exposure may cause earlier breast development in girls.
research Evaluation of the 5α-reductase inhibitor finasteride on reproduction and gonadal development in medaka, Oryzias latipes
Finasteride negatively affects fish reproduction and gonadal development.
research Developmental origin of polycystic ovary syndrome - a hypothesis
The hypothesis suggests that PCOS may start early in life due to genetic and environmental factors, influencing future reproductive and metabolic problems.
research Genetic Variants Associated with Hyperandrogenemia in PCOS Pathophysiology
Certain genetic variations are linked to increased androgen levels in PCOS, but more research is needed to understand these connections fully.
research Metformin influence on hormone levels at birth, in PCOS mothers and their newborns
Metformin taken during pregnancy increases SHBG in newborns but doesn't change other hormone levels in mothers or babies.