139 citations
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October 2005 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The nail matrix has a reduced immune response, protecting it from autoimmunity.
87 citations
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May 2018 in “Scientific Reports” Higher free testosterone levels in men are linked to a stronger immune response, not weaker.
December 2022 in “Research Square (Research Square)” Key genes linked to immune response are upregulated in hair follicles and skin tissues in chronic discoid lupus erythematosus.
October 2022 in “Research Square (Research Square)” Key genes linked to immune response are highly active in lupus-affected hair follicles.
September 2025 in “Cell Reports” Skin stretching can improve vaccine delivery through hair follicles and boost immune response.
April 2026 in “Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology” GPCRs are vital for wound healing by affecting cell growth and immune response.
5 citations
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May 2024 in “Developmental Cell” Lower GATA3 levels in mice help hair regrow by changing certain immune cells.
79 citations
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December 2013 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” Alopecia areata may be treated by restoring hair follicle immune privilege and adjusting immune responses.
34 citations
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October 2011 in “Pathology Research International” Behçet's Disease may be caused by genetic and environmental factors leading to abnormal immune responses, and stress management and new treatments could improve patient outcomes.
6 citations
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October 2017 in “Oncotarget” Hairless mice are more vulnerable to Listeria infection, but gut microbiota can help reduce damage.
January 2016 in “Human & Experimental Toxicology” A specific DNA sequence caused hair loss in male mice by activating immune cells and increasing a certain immune signal.
22 citations
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April 1998 in “Dermatologic Clinics” Interferons are effective for some skin conditions and cancers, but can have side effects and need more research for optimal use.
147 citations
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November 2020 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Keratinocytes help heal skin wounds by interacting with immune cells and producing substances that kill pathogens.
70 citations
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February 2019 in “The journal of immunology/The Journal of immunology” Short-chain fatty acids from *Cutibacterium acnes* cause skin inflammation, contributing to acne.
59 citations
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September 2021 in “Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology” Netherton syndrome has two subtypes with shared immune traits but different allergic and immune responses, suggesting targeted treatments.
36 citations
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January 2014 in “Elsevier eBooks” The skin is a complex barrier that protects the body, regulates temperature, and helps with immune responses.
306 citations
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April 2019 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” The skin has a complex immune system that is essential for protection and healing, requiring more research for better wound treatment.
16 citations
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March 2018 in “Seminars in Oncology” The document concludes that pregnancy and cancer share immune evasion tactics, but more research is needed before using checkpoint blockade immunotherapy in pregnant cancer patients to avoid harm to the placenta.
December 2025 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Restoring nerve-macrophage communication may help treat autoimmune diseases.
52 citations
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September 2022 in “Viruses” SARS-CoV-2 proteins help the virus avoid the immune system, delaying response and increasing inflammation.
33 citations
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April 2011 in “Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine” Long-term fluticasone treatment does not harm the immune system in horses with heaves.
January 2026 in “Journal of Biomedical Research” Small extracellular vesicles from stem and immune cells show promise for treating various diseases but face challenges in clinical use.
92 citations
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September 2015 in “Journal of Lipid Research” Skin fat helps with body temperature control and has other active roles in health.
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Both Th1 and Th2 immune responses are increased in alopecia areata, with Th2 response more strongly linked to how severe the disease is.
24 citations
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August 2022 in “Immunity” Type 2 immunity helps control mite growth in hair follicles, preventing damage.
January 2023 in “Karger Kompass. Dermatologie” Scientists are still unsure what triggers the immune system to attack hair follicles in Alopecia areata.
54 citations
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September 2012 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Vitamin A affects hair loss and immune response in alopecia areata.
April 2024 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Alopecia areata and vitiligo share immune system dysfunction but differ in specific immune responses and affected areas.
15 citations
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December 2018 in “International journal of environmental research and public health/International journal of environmental research and public health” EGCG may help treat alopecia areata by blocking certain immune responses and reducing specific harmful immune cells.
33 citations
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April 2020 in “Journal of Clinical Investigation” Stress in hair follicle stem cells causes inflammation in a chronic skin condition through a specific immune response pathway.