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GlossaryInsulin Resistance

condition where cells don't respond well to insulin

Insulin Resistance (IR) is a condition where the body's cells become less responsive to the hormone insulin, which is crucial for regulating blood sugar levels. As a result, the pancreas produces more insulin to compensate, leading to higher insulin levels in the blood and potentially progressing to type 2 diabetes. This condition is often associated with obesity, physical inactivity, and genetic factors.

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Abdominal Fat Quantity and Distribution in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Its Relation to Insulin Resistance

research Abdominal Fat Quantity and Distribution in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Extent of Its Relation to Insulin Resistance

270 citations , April 2007 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism”

Women with PCOS often have more belly fat and higher insulin levels, but belly fat isn't the only cause of their insulin resistance.

research Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Insulin Resistance, and Obesity: Navigating the Pathophysiologic Labyrinth

222 citations , January 2014 in “International journal of reproductive medicine”

Insulin resistance and obesity are key factors in the development and worsening of polycystic ovary syndrome, and lifestyle changes are important for managing it.

research Polycystic ovarian syndrome: Correlation between hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance and obesity

195 citations , November 2019 in “Clinica Chimica Acta”

High levels of male hormones, insulin resistance, and obesity are closely linked and worsen polycystic ovary syndrome, but more research is needed to improve treatments.

research The influence of androgens on insulin resistance

135 citations , March 1984 in “Fertility and sterility”

Higher levels of unbound testosterone are linked to increased insulin resistance, especially in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

research Early androgenetic alopecia as a marker of insulin resistance

115 citations , September 2000 in “The Lancet”

Early hair loss may indicate risk of insulin resistance.

research Hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance modulate gravid uterine and placental ferroptosis in PCOS-like rats

104 citations , June 2020 in “Journal of Endocrinology”

Hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance in PCOS-like rats can lead to pregnancy complications due to increased cell death in the uterus and placenta.

research Prevalence of Type II diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance in parents of women with polycystic ovary syndrome

100 citations , June 2002 in “Diabetologia”

Parents of women with PCOS have a higher risk of Type II diabetes and insulin resistance, especially fathers.

research 5α-Reductase Type 1 Deficiency or Inhibition Predisposes to Insulin Resistance, Hepatic Steatosis, and Liver Fibrosis in Rodents

93 citations , September 2014 in “Diabetes”

Lack of 5α-Reductase type 1 can lead to insulin resistance and liver problems.

research Metformin improves polycystic ovary syndrome symptoms irrespective of pre-treatment insulin resistance

91 citations , November 2007 in “European journal of endocrinology”

Metformin helps with PCOS symptoms no matter the patient's initial insulin resistance or weight.

research Insulin Resistance and Skin Diseases

71 citations , January 2015 in “The Scientific World Journal”

Insulin resistance may contribute to various skin diseases and treating it could improve skin health and prevent more serious conditions.

research Polycystic ovary syndrome: insight into pathogenesis and a common association with insulin resistance

62 citations , December 2015 in “Clinical Medicine”

Improving insulin sensitivity and weight loss can help manage polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

research Polycystic ovary syndrome: insight into pathogenesis and a common association with insulin resistance

61 citations , June 2016 in “Clinical Medicine”

PCOS is often linked to insulin resistance and obesity, and weight loss can improve symptoms.

research Polycystic ovary syndrome and insulin-resistant hyperinsulinemia

60 citations , September 2001 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”

Insulin resistance contributes to hormone imbalances in many women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Association of Insulin Resistance Linked Diseases and Hair Loss in Elderly Men: Finnish Population-Based Study

research Associaton of Insulin Resistance Linked Diseases and Hair Loss in Elderly Men. Finnish Population-based Study

55 citations , June 2006 in “Central European Journal of Public Health”

Hair loss in older men is linked to higher rates of diabetes and high blood pressure.

research Genetic Defects in Human Pericentrin Are Associated With Severe Insulin Resistance and Diabetes

53 citations , January 2011 in “Diabetes”

People with PCNT mutations often develop severe insulin resistance and early-onset diabetes during childhood or adolescence.

research Androgenetic alopecia and insulin resistance in young men

50 citations , December 2008 in “Clinical Endocrinology”

Hair loss in young men linked to higher risk of insulin resistance and metabolic issues.

research Hair Loss, Insulin Resistance, and Heredity in Middle-aged Women. a Population-based Study

49 citations , June 2003 in “European journal of cardiovascular prevention & rehabilitation”

Hair loss in middle-aged women is often linked to insulin resistance and a family history of hair loss, particularly from their fathers.

research Coronavirus and Obesity: Could Insulin Resistance Mediate the Severity of Covid-19 Infection?

49 citations , May 2020 in “Frontiers in Public Health”

Insulin resistance linked to obesity may increase COVID-19 severity.

research Putative role for insulin resistance in depression risk in polycystic ovary syndrome

46 citations , June 2015 in “Fertility and Sterility”

Insulin resistance is significantly linked to a higher risk of depression in women with PCOS.

The Evaluation of Endothelial Function with Flow-Mediated Dilatation and Carotid Intima Media Thickness in Young Nonobese Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Patients; Existence of Insulin Resistance Alone May Not Represent an Adequate Condition for Deterioration of Endothelial Function

research The evaluation of endothelial function with flow-mediated dilatation and carotid intima media thickness in young nonobese polycystic ovary syndrom patients; existence of insulin resistance alone may not represent an adequate condition for deterioration of endothelial function

44 citations , May 2008 in “Fertility and Sterility”

Insulin resistance might not be enough to worsen blood vessel function in young, nonobese women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

research Acanthosis nigricans, insulin resistance and cutaneous virilism

43 citations , May 1988 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

Patients with acanthosis nigricans often have insulin resistance and signs of increased male hormones, but treatment targeting these male hormones is generally ineffective.

research Insulin resistance and obesity among infertile women with different polycystic ovary syndrome phenotypes

42 citations , July 2017 in “Scientific Reports”

Women with PCOS are more likely to have insulin resistance and obesity, especially those with the most severe type I PCOS.

research The investigation of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome in male patients with early-onset androgenetic alopecia

42 citations , January 2011 in “European Journal of Dermatology”

Early balding men may have insulin resistance, but lifestyle changes can help.

research Role of insulin resistance and diet in acne

39 citations , January 2013 in “Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology”

Eating high glycemic foods and drinking milk may worsen acne by increasing insulin and IGF-1 levels.

research Mechanisms Involved in the Relationship between Vitamin D and Insulin Resistance: Impact on Clinical Practice

37 citations , October 2021 in “Nutrients”

Vitamin D might help regulate insulin in the body, but taking Vitamin D supplements doesn't clearly prevent or improve type 2 diabetes. More research is needed.

Insulin Resistance and Elevated Androgen Levels: A Major Cause of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

research Resistance to the Insulin and Elevated Level of Androgen: A Major Cause of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

36 citations , October 2021 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology”

Insulin resistance and high male hormone levels are major causes of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

research Androgenetic alopecia and insulin resistance: are they truly associated?

35 citations , March 2011 in “International Journal of Dermatology”

No true link between AGA and insulin resistance, but coexistence may worsen AGA.

Higher PDCD4 Expression Is Associated With Obesity, Insulin Resistance, Lipid Metabolism Disorders, And Granulosa Cell Apoptosis In Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

research Higher PDCD4 expression is associated with obesity, insulin resistance, lipid metabolism disorders, and granulosa cell apoptosis in polycystic ovary syndrome

34 citations , February 2016 in “Fertility and Sterility”

More PDCD4 is linked to obesity, insulin problems, and cell death in ovaries for those with polycystic ovary syndrome.

research Androgenetic alopecia, metabolic syndrome, and insulin resistance: Is there any association? A case-control study

34 citations , January 2014 in “Indian Dermatology Online Journal”

Hair loss linked to metabolic issues and insulin resistance; early assessment may reduce future health risks.

research Afamin serum concentrations are associated with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome in polycystic ovary syndrome

33 citations , September 2014 in “Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology”

High afamin levels are linked to metabolic syndrome and may predict its development in women with insulin resistance.